首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   10051篇
  免费   497篇
  国内免费   219篇
财政金融   690篇
工业经济   591篇
计划管理   3002篇
经济学   2156篇
综合类   1386篇
运输经济   107篇
旅游经济   112篇
贸易经济   1089篇
农业经济   453篇
经济概况   1180篇
信息产业经济   1篇
  2024年   5篇
  2023年   148篇
  2022年   136篇
  2021年   233篇
  2020年   267篇
  2019年   178篇
  2018年   181篇
  2017年   198篇
  2016年   230篇
  2015年   339篇
  2014年   680篇
  2013年   807篇
  2012年   805篇
  2011年   984篇
  2010年   853篇
  2009年   650篇
  2008年   796篇
  2007年   738篇
  2006年   677篇
  2005年   589篇
  2004年   408篇
  2003年   302篇
  2002年   175篇
  2001年   120篇
  2000年   66篇
  1999年   36篇
  1998年   27篇
  1997年   29篇
  1996年   29篇
  1995年   19篇
  1994年   16篇
  1993年   6篇
  1992年   6篇
  1991年   4篇
  1990年   8篇
  1989年   2篇
  1988年   6篇
  1987年   2篇
  1986年   4篇
  1985年   2篇
  1984年   2篇
  1983年   4篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
姜胜贤  文天凤 《科技和产业》2023,23(13):164-168
近年来,大量企业基于数字化转型实现了弯道超车。选取2007—2021年A股上市公司数据,利用企业年报中数字关键词的词频来描述数字化转型程度,研究企业数字化转型程度对企业融资成本的影响。研究发现:企业数字化转型与融资成本显著负相关;检验延长时间窗口发现,在企业实施数字化转型后的一段时间内,数字化转型仍然降低了融资成本;根据异质性分析,数字化转型对非国有企业降低融资成本产生的效果更好,且东部地区企业深化数字化转型降低成本的作用更显著。  相似文献   
2.
山秋月  吴永强 《科技和产业》2023,23(14):223-227
针对全货运航空公司,研究其货运航线网络的构建问题。基于单分配严格枢纽航线网络,对传统模型进行改进。以各航线上货物的委托运输成本和自有机队的运输成本,取代传统的单位运输成本和折扣因子,考虑枢纽点的中转成本和载运率对路径选择的影响。结合航空货运夜航的特征考虑各机队夜间可用时间的限制,以总成本最小为目标,构建数学模型,采用LINGO优化软件求解,验证模型的有效性,为全货运航空公司构建货运航线网络提供参考。  相似文献   
3.
4.
在国际货物销售合同纠纷中,争议解决费用往往是不可忽视的内容。在此基础之上,探讨CISG视角下的争议解决费用分摊问题兼具理论和实际意义。理论和实践中就CISG能否成为分摊争议解决费用的依据存在不同做法。差异背后的深层次原因在于有关方对CISG的立法精神和解释规则存在理解上的不同。本文支持依CISG分摊争议解决费用的观点,因为这不仅更契合于公约的精神,也更能实现公约适用的统一。域外的相关公约实践对我国同样具有借鉴意义。对于我国的有关实践,本文有4点建议:通过合同条款对争议解决费用的分摊加以明确;明确争议解决费用分摊的请求权基础;裁判主体应克服国内法思维,恪守公约精神进行条款的解释与适用;进一步明确争议解决费用分摊的国内法规则,从而实现国际法与国内法适用的统一。  相似文献   
5.
In today’s connected economy, interorganizational relationships are increasingly important. Whether government-to-government, political party-to-political party, business-to-business, department-to-department, or some other interorganizational pairing, these relationships can provide organizations with signals used to identify and better respond to changes in their environment and in their interorganizational relationships. This enables astute organizations to not only understand how others will interpret the social signals they send, but also to shape those signals in ways that will improve their interorganizational relationships. We illustrate this herein, using the public and readily recognizable relationships involved with labor relations in the professional sports industry. We show how social signals can explain the way organizations change and adapt to their environments, and how these changes send messages to related organizations. Finally, we provide a set of recommended advice for managers based on this case analysis.  相似文献   
6.
7.
Aims: To estimate the cost to hospitals of materials (i.e. medications, equipment, and supplies) required to administer common interventions for post-surgical analgesia after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), including single-injection peripheral nerve block (sPNB), continuous peripheral nerve block (cPNB), periarticular infiltration of multi-drug cocktails, continuous epidural analgesia, intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV PCA), and local infiltration of bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension (BLIS).

Materials and methods: This analysis was conducted using a mixed methods approach combining published literature, publicly available data sources, and administrative data, to first identify the materials required to administer these interventions, and then estimate the cost to the hospital of those materials. Medication costs were estimated primarily using the Wholesale Acquisition Costs (WAC), the cost of reusable equipment was obtained from published sources, and costs for disposable supplies were obtained from the US Government Services Administration (GSA) database. Where uncertainty existed about the technique used when administering these interventions, costs were calculated for multiple scenarios reflecting different assumptions.

Results: The total cost of materials (i.e. medications, equipment, and supplies) required to provide post-surgical analgesia was $41.88 for sPNB with bupivacaine; $756.57 for cFNB with ropivacaine; $16.38 for periarticular infiltration with bupivacaine, morphine, methylprednisolone, and cefuroxime; $453.84 for continuous epidural analgesia with fentanyl and ropivacaine; $178.94 for IV PCA with morphine; and $319.00 for BLIS.

Limitations: This analysis did not consider the cost of healthcare providers required to administer these interventions. In addition, this analysis focused on the cost of materials and, therefore, did not consider aspects of relative efficacy or safety, or how the choice of intervention for post-surgical analgesia might impact outcomes such as length of stay, re-admissions, discharge status, adverse events, or total hospitalization costs.

Conclusions: This study provided an estimate of the costs to hospitals for materials required to administer commonly used interventions for post-surgical analgesia after TKA.  相似文献   
8.
Public school lunch programs in the United States are contested political terrains shaped by government agencies, civil society activists, and agri-food companies. The particular organization of these programs has consequences for public health, social justice, and ecological sustainability. This contribution draws on political economy, critical food studies, and feminist economics to analyze the US National School Lunch Program, one of the world's oldest and largest government-sponsored school lunch programs. It makes visible the social and environmental costs of the “heat-and-serve” economy, where widely used metrics consider only the speed and volume of service as productive work. This study demonstrates that such a narrow understanding of the labor of lunch devalues care and undercuts the potential for school food provisioning to promote ecological and feminist goals. Further, it proposes a “high road” alternative and outlines an agenda for reorganizing school food provisioning to maximize care in all its dimensions.  相似文献   
9.
隔代抚育会对延迟退休年龄政策在促进劳动力供给上产生挤出效应。为了对此进行验证,本文在工资收入随机性的假定及延迟退休5年的情景下,模拟了面临孙辈照护需求的女性临近退休者提前退休所产生的福利变化。进一步,本文采用CHIP和CHARLS的微观调查数据,对不同群组的收入增长率和收入风险进行了估计,继而分析了当面临孙辈照护需求时这些收入特征对退休决策者制度退休和退休后劳动参与抉择产生的影响。总体上,在延迟退休年龄政策下,隔代抚育将对女性劳动力供给产生挤出效应。当面临孙辈照护需求时,女性临近退休者的制度退休抉择主要受自身收入增长率和收入风险的影响,收入增长率越低,或收入风险越高,她们提前退休的意愿就越强烈;制度退休后的劳动参与则更多地受子女收入增长率的影响,子女收入增长率越高,劳动参与的概率越低。  相似文献   
10.
ABSTRACT

Using the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2011–12 baseline data, this contribution explores to what extent taking care of grandchildren and frail parents influences rural middle-aged Chinese adults’ off-farm employment. The findings show that, conditional on socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, taking care of grandchildren has a negative effect on rural middle-aged men's and women's off-farm job participation and hours worked. Caregiving for parents does not have the same negative effects on off-farm employment and hours worked. Furthermore, the study finds that annual earnings are also negatively affected by caregiving responsibilities, especially for women and men taking care of grandchildren.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号