从技术移植到技术整合——来自南京奥特加的案例分析

本文阐述了南京奥特加冷机有限公司实施技术战略发展的基本过程,重点对其从技术移植到技术整合的技术创新过程中的基本做法进行了分析研究。在案例分析的基础上,得出了相关启示和借鉴。     

基于FPGA的DDS波形发生器

DDS广泛应用于电信与电子仪器领域,是实现设备全数字化的关键技术。文章应用Quartus II软件完成正弦波信号、三角波型号、调制信号的波形仿真,并以Altera的FPGA核心板EP2C35,完成DDS波形发生器的硬件设计与实现。     

独立董事制度在普通法系国家(地区)的移植及其启示

1990年以后,许多普通法系国家(地区)引入了起源于美国的独立董事制度,以期加强公司治理,提高国家竞争力.这表明,在全球化背景下,不同国家的公司治理具有趋同的趋势.然而,从实施效果来看,这些国家(地区)的独立董事制度尚存在种种问题,其有效性与美国有一定差距.这又反映了公司治理制度移植以及全球趋同的困难性.     

Bias-corrected estimates of reduction of post-surgery length of stay and corresponding cost savings through the widespread national implementation of fast-tracking after liver transplantation: a quasi-experimental study

Background: Fast-tracking is an approach adopted by Mayo Clinic in Florida’s (MCF) liver transplant (LT) program, which consists of early tracheal extubation and transfer of patients to surgical ward, eliminating a stay in the intensive care unit in select patients. Since adopting this approach in 2002, MCF has successfully fast-tracked 54.3% of patients undergoing LT.

Objectives: This study evaluated the reduction in post-operative length of stay (LOS) that resulted from the fast-tracking protocol and assessed the potential cost saving in the case of nationwide implementation.

Methods: A propensity score for fast-tracking was generated based on MCF liver transplant databases during 2011–2013. Various propensity score matching algorithms were used to form control groups from the United Network of Organ Sharing Standard Analysis and Research (STAR) file that had comparable demographic characteristics and health status to the treatment group identified in MCF. Multiple regression and matching estimators were employed for evaluation of the post-surgery LOS. The algorithm generated from the analysis was also applied to the STAR data to determine the proportion of patients in the US who could potentially be candidates for fast-tracking, and the potential savings.

Results: The effect of the fast-tracking on the post-transplant LOS was estimated at approximately from 2.5 (p-value?=?0.001) to 3.2 (p-value?Conclusion: The fast-track program was found to be effective in reducing post-transplant LOS, although the reduction appeared to be less than previously reported. Nationwide implementation of fast-tracking could result in substantial cost savings without compromising the patient outcome.     

基于传播算子的DS-SS信号扩频波形估计

扩频信号波形估计的本质是信号子空间估计。针对直接序列扩频（Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum,DS-SS）信号的扩频波形估计问题,提出了一种基于传播算子的估计算法。针对现有算法估计信号子空间计算量较大的不足,所提算法利用传播算子估计信号子空间。理论分析了所提算法与现有算法的计算量和性能,并进行了仿真实验。仿真结果表明所提算法有效,且计算量远小于现有算法。     

适用于宽带网络波形的基于定价策略的时隙选择

针对宽带网络波形（Wideband Networking Waveform,WNW）的多信道二维时频资源,以减小网络资源浪费为优化目标,提出了一种基于定价策略的时隙选择方法（Pricing Strategy Based Slot Selection,PSSS）。该方法通过接纳控制保障资源分配的公平性,采用对偶优化建模与椭圆搜索法实现最优的时隙选择。理论分析证明该方法能够在多项式级别时间复杂度内搜索到时隙选择的最优解。仿真结果表明,提出的PSSS算法通过较低资源浪费获得了较低的容量冗余度,能够有效地解决WNW多信道网络的时隙选择问题。     

独立董事制度在普通法系国家（地区）篚移植及其启示

1990年以后,许多普通法系国家（地区）引入了起源于美国的独立董事制度,以期加强公司治理,提高国家竞争力。这表明,在全球化背景下,不同国家的公司治理具有趋同的趋势。然而,从实施效果来看,这些国家（地区）的独立董事制度尚存在种种问题,其有效性与美国有一定差距。这又反映了公司治理制度移植以及全球趋同的困难性。     

基于FPGA芯片的机载波形动态重构设计

针对机载综合射频传感器系统高度综合化的实际需求，基于部分可重构技术提出了一种机载传感器功能波形重构设计方法，以实现在现场可编程门阵列（Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA）芯片局部区域上时分复用机载功能波形。该方法引入一种便于功能波形移植部署的FPGA平台设计，并在此平台上完成机载功能波形在FPGA芯片局部区域的可重构具体设计。工程应用表明，该设计能够灵活有效复用可编程逻辑器件资源，提高了综合射频传感器系统的功能波形集成度，具有较好的实践意义。     

Treatment patterns,healthcare resource utilization,and costs in patients with acute myeloid leukemia in commercially insured and Medicare populations

Objective: To describe the setting, duration, and costs of induction and consolidation chemotherapy for adults with newly-diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML), who are candidates for standard induction chemotherapy, in the US.

Methods: Adults newly-diagnosed with AML who received standard induction chemotherapy in an inpatient setting were identified from the Truven Health Analytics MarketScan (2006–2015) and SEER-Medicare (2007–2011) databases. Patients were observed from induction therapy start to the first of hematopoietic stem cell transplant, 180 days after induction discharge, health plan enrollment/data availability end, or death. Induction and consolidation chemotherapy were identified using Diagnosis-Related Group codes (chemotherapy with acute leukemia) or procedure codes for AML chemotherapy administration. AML treatment episode setting (inpatient or outpatient), duration, and costs (2015 USD, payers’ perspective) were described for commercially insured patients and Medicare beneficiaries.

Results: In total, 459 commercially insured patients and 563 Medicare beneficiaries (mean age?=?54 and 66 years; 53% and 54% male; respectively) were identified. For induction therapy, mean costs were $145,189 for commercially insured patients and $85,734 for Medicare beneficiaries, and median inpatient duration was 31 days (both). Following induction, 64% of commercially insured patients and 53% of Medicare beneficiaries had ≥1 consolidation cycle; 75% and 65% of consolidation cycles were in an inpatient setting, respectively. For consolidation cycles, in the inpatient setting, mean costs were $28,137 for commercially insured patients and $28,843 for Medicare beneficiaries, median cycle duration was 6 days (both); in the outpatient setting, mean costs were $11,271 for commercially insured patients and $5,803 Medicare beneficiaries, median duration was 5 days (both).

Limitations: Granular information on chemotherapy type administered was unavailable.

Conclusions: This is the first exploratory study providing a complete picture of recent AML treatment patterns and management costs among commercially insured patients and Medicare beneficiaries. There is substantial heterogeneity in the management and costs of AML.     

基于拟牛顿法频率域全波形反演研究

全波形反演是综合利用地震波场的运动学和动力学参数,通过最小二乘来拟合实际波场和预测波场,从而获得地质结构和岩性资料的方法。本文先简述了频率域地震波正演,之后利用拟牛顿法来推导频率域全波形反演,克服了高斯——牛顿法中海森矩阵可能奇异或者非正定特性,通过图形对比,得到频率域全波形反演局限在于频率的缺失和来自其它地质结构对三维地质模型受到的影响比较大,合理选择频点和频宽进行反演可解决频率缺失的影响,二维地质模型的反演效果理想,而三维地质模型的反演有待提高和改进。