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基于冠层光谱和BP神经网络的水稻叶片氮素浓度估算模型 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
[目的]快速、准确地诊断水稻叶片氮素营养状况,为水稻氮肥精准管理提供依据。[方法]以江西省农科院8种不同施肥处理的晚稻为研究对象,于主要生育期同步测定了水稻冠层光谱反射率及叶片全氮浓度(Leaf Nitrogen Concentration,LNC),系统分析了原始光谱反射率、一阶微分光谱、"三边"参数以及由350~1 350nm两两波段组合的差值(SD (Rλ1,Rλ2))、比值(SR (Rλ1,Rλ2))及归一化(ND(Rλ1,Rλ2))光谱指数与水稻LNC的相关关系,筛选出敏感参数,并以之为自变量构建了水稻LNC的传统预测模型,另外构建不同指标个数的多元线性与BP神经网络模型,并对模型进行验证。[结果](1)水稻LNC与一阶微分光谱在751nm处的相关性最高(r=0. 822);(2)"三边"参数中的红边面积SDr与LNC的相关性较高(r=0. 687);(3) 750nm附近的红边波段与近红外波段差值组合、550nm附近的绿光波段与近红外波段的比值及归一化差值组合与水稻LNC的相关性较高,以SD (R752,R751)、SR (R534,R1 350)和ND (R534,R1 349)表现最好,相关系数分别为0. 827、-0. 790和0. 788;(4)传统回归模型中以SD(R752,R751)构建的一元线性模型最佳(RC2=0. 665、RV2=0. 750、RMSEV=0. 4%、RPD=2. 034);(5)利用5个指标((R'751、SDr、SD (R752,R751)、SR (R534,R1 350)、ND (R534,R1 349))经逐步回归筛选出的2个指标SD ((R752,R751)和SR (R534,R1 350))构建预测水稻氮素的BP神经网络模型,预测效果最佳,其验证参数值分别为R2=0. 859、RMSEV=0. 302%和RPD=2. 669。[结论]基于单指标构建的传统线性模型计算过程简单但精度略低,而基于2个指标(SD (R752,R751)、SR (R534,R1 350))构建的BP神经网络模型预测精度高于该2指标构建的多元线性模型,表明在指标适合的情况下,BP神经网络对氮素具有较好的预测能力,是一种快速准确估算水稻叶片全氮浓度的方法。 相似文献
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Ram Pandit Maksym Polyakov Rohan Sadler 《The Australian journal of agricultural and resource economics》2014,58(3):453-470
In this paper, we estimate the effect of tree canopy cover on sales price of urban residential properties in Perth, Western Australia. Using a data set of 5606 single family homes sold in 2009 and a spatial hedonic model with three spatial effects – spatial‐temporal lag on dependent variable, spatial error, and spatially lagged independent variables – we estimated the location‐specific effect of tree canopy cover. Tree canopy cover increases the property value when located on adjacent public space, but decreases the value when it is on own property and on the adjacent property within 20 m of property boundary. The results are suggestive that council urban tree planting programs provide significant private benefits to homeowners. 相似文献
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简述了大棚生产中火险隐患、火灾成因、管理缺失等问题的主要表现,并针对大棚火灾危险的特点,分析如何做好防火工作。 相似文献
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野外地物光谱测量技术及方法 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
野外地物光谱测量在航天航空传感器定标、遥感数据解译、遥感应用潜力研究以及地质填图等方面得到广泛应用。野外采集准确的地物波谱需要熟知各种不同的光照条件、大气特性和稳定性(云、风)、仪器视场角、观测和光线照射的结合角度、仪器扫描速度以及目标特征的时空变化等,这些因素对目标波谱具有很大的影响。进行野外光谱测量的第一步是整个试验的总体设计,在设计中必须结合研究目标和研究对象的具体特性综合考虑数据采集的时间、野外测量的空间尺度、光线照射和观测的几何角度以及记录的野外描述数据等问题。此文详细讨论这些因素对地物光谱测量的影响。 相似文献
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Many cities around the world are experiencing the negative effects associated with not sustaining a sufficient level of tree canopy coverage. Tree canopy provides environmental benefits such as clean water and air, erosion prevention, climate control, and native species habitat and provides economic benefits such as higher housing values and lower energy expenditures. We study local government policies in a large U.S. metropolitan area (the Atlanta Metropolitan Statistical Area) to find which policies perform the best at preserving or increasing urban forests. Empirical analysis reveals that a set of effective tree ordinance clauses, zoning ordinances, and having high quality smart growth projects in the community all help in preserving tree canopy in economically and environmentally meaningful amounts. Other actions, such as simply having a tree ordinance, designating a key management person in charge of tree programs, the presence of a tree board, and multiple communication channels were shown to be ineffective for our data set. Because benefits from tree canopy accrue to the local government's budget, to residents and to business owners, the entire community should gain from the passage of effective policies to preserve their local tree canopy. Estimated economic benefits from preserving tree canopy through an effective set of public policies are in the range of $10–15 million annually in an average county, mostly due to savings on stormwater management. 相似文献
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近年来,钢结构客站雨棚绝大多数采用了金属屋面系统。阐述了金属屋面的特点、应用范围,总结了金属屋面不同材料的性能、构造连接方式,探讨金属屋面系统设计应考虑的各种因素。分析铁路客站雨棚的使用环境特点,研究金属屋面雨棚风揭破坏的主要原因,以及铁路客站雨棚屋面系统设计应注意的问题,有针对性地提出了保障客站雨棚屋面系统安全的相应技术措施。 相似文献
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