Tourists’ hotel event experience and satisfaction: an integrative approach

ABSTRACT

Tourists’ hotel event experiences have received little attention in tourism research. By proposing an integrated model of expectation–confirmation theory (ECT) and the experience economy concept, this research explores the relationship between tourists’ event experience and their satisfaction regarding the hotel event setting. The hypothesized model was empirically validated using a sample of 663 tourists who experienced a holiday event at a resort hotel. Results confirmed that the integration of the experience economy and ECT provided a better understanding of tourists’ post-satisfaction in a pleasure-driven setting. This affective–cognitive approach advances the knowledge of tourists’ experiences and satisfaction at hotel events.     

Home purchase restriction,real estate investment,and corporate innovation

It is ubiquitous for non-real estate firms to conduct real estate business in China. Home purchase restriction (HPR) affects corporate innovation by dampening the real estate investment of non-real estate firms. The extant literature has examined the impact of HPR on corporate innovation, but it has not focused on the expectation of HPR and the endogeneity problem. Employing a dataset of 1830 listed non-real estate firms over the period 2009–2016, this research explores the expectation of HPR on corporate innovation based on the motivations for real estate investment in non-real estate firms. We demonstrate that HPR facilitates the enhancement of research and development (R&D) investment in non-real estate listed firms by hindering real estate investment, particularly for non-high-tech firms. The effects of HPR arrive at the crest in the third implementation year and remain steady thereafter. The real estate investment of non-real estate firms rebounds and the R&D investment declines along with the cancellation of HPR. Tackling the selection bias and endogeneity problems, the baseline results are also robust. Hence, HPR should serve as a long-term vehicle to improving corporate innovation, in addition to preventing housing speculation.     

The moderating role of demographic variables on customer expectations in airport retail patronage intentions of travellers

The international airport retail business is expanding annually, yet most research into traveller’s experience with the aviation industry have centred on aeronautical features. The study gathered information that would guide the understanding of airport customer retail expectations. Specifically, the study examines the effects of product-relevant factors, market-relevant factors, and perceived service quality on retail patronage intentions, taking into account the moderating role of demographic variables. The purposive sample of three hundred and thirty (330) travellers that were selected at the Kotoka International Airport Terminal 1 and 2 (KIA T1&2) in Accra, the capital of Ghana. The findings show that product-relevant factors, market-relevant factors and overall service quality significantly influence airport retail patronage intention. The effect demographic variables was noticeable among older and high-income consumers. Building on previous studies, we find that product-relevant factors, market-relevant factors, and perceived service quality function as viable signals that drives customer expectations.     

变革中多渠道信息传递对员工绩效的影响机制

面对日趋复杂的外部环境,组织变革成为企业获得竞争力的重要方式。员工参与是组织变革成败的关键,充足的组织变革信息有利于员工积极投入变革。本文以社会信息加工理论为基础,对来自被兼并企业的36个工作团队185名员工进行研究,探索多渠道变革信息传递对员工的影响机制。基于多层次线性模型的数据分析结果表明:(1)变革情境下,组织正式渠道进行信息沟通和变革氛围包含的非正式信息,均能正向促进员工变革绩效;(2)员工所持有的积极变革期望,在多渠道信息传递和变革绩效间起到中介作用;(3)变革氛围跨层调节变革信息沟通对员工积极变革期望的正向作用,相比于低变革氛围情景,具有高变革氛围的团队,通过变革信息沟通更能显著提升员工对变革的积极期望。研究结论对企业变革实践中信息传递和沟通工作具有现实指导意义。     

几种激励理论在薪酬管理中的应用

激励理论在薪酬管理中有着直接的应用,在制定薪酬政策时必须遵循这些理论所提出的一些观点。应该在薪酬管理中充分运用这些理论,以提高我们薪酬管理的质量。公平理论、双因素理论、期望理论等激励理论也要经常应用。     

台湾旅游专业大学生实习的期望与评估研究

本文以台湾真理大学旅游学院为例,采用问卷方法,研究学生从事旅游实习的期望与成效。研究表明:(1)学生在选择实习单位时自主性高,不易受外界环境影响因素左右;(2)学生对从实习获得实际操作技术经验及专业知识有高度期望;(3)实习的最大收获为实质的知识与专业技能的获得;性别、实习的找寻方式、业者提供的实习方式(例如工作轮调,沟通管道和职前培训)和企业的规模均对学生实习期望和成效有一定显著影响;学生实习期望越高时,所获得的实习成效将相对提高。     

不同预期冲击的叠加效应与预期管理优化——以货币政策预期和技术进步预期为例

“预期转弱”是当前中国经济高质量发展面临的难点之一,需要通过优化预期管理来提振预期。现实经济中存在不同类型的多样化预期,然而现有研究大多研究单个预期（特别是货币政策预期）冲击的宏观经济效应,对不同预期的叠加效应缺乏系统深入的探讨。本文将预期分为政策预期（基于政府制定、调整及实施宏观经济政策产生的预期）和非政策预期（基于社会经济发展实态等形成的预期）,并认为：当政策预期与非政策预期相契合时,两种预期冲击叠加会对政策有效性产生“累进（退）”效应;当政策预期与非政策预期错位时,两种预期冲击叠加对政策有效性会产生“抵消”效应。比如,宽松货币政策的实施及相应的预期管理操作会使经济主体产生未来经济向好的预期,并激励其采取积极的投资和消费行为,进而提高货币政策的有效性;现实经济中良好的技术进步态势会使经济主体形成未来经济繁荣的预期,并促使采取积极的创新、投资、消费行为,最终表现为货币政策有效性提高;两种正向预期的叠加则会进一步增强宽松货币政策的有效性。采用货币政策调控指数和全要素生产率来描述货币政策和技术进步预期冲击,运用DSGE模型和SV-TVP-FAVAR模型对“无预期冲击”“存在货币政策预期冲击”“存在技术进步预期冲击”“存在货币政策和技术进步双重预期冲击”4种情形下的货币政策有效性进行模拟分析和实证检验,结果显示,两种预期冲击均增强了货币政策有效性,并在总体上形成叠加“累进”效应。与现有文献相比,本文进行了如下改进和拓展：一是基于政策预期与非政策预期的角度探究货币政策和技术进步预期冲击的叠加效应,二是采用货币政策调控指数回避以往研究中量价工具“非此即彼”的选择问题,三是运用SV-TVP-FAVAR模型为货币政策和技术进步预期冲击的宏观经济效应提供经验证据。本文研究表明,预期管理是一项系统性工程,需要构建和完善宏观调控预期管理体系。要正确认识政策预期与非政策预期的契合与错位,利用政策预期增强（弱化）积极（消极）的非政策预期,并优化各种预期管理之间的方式匹配和期限组合;政策预期管理的优化要提高各种政策调整之间的协同性,并完善政策信息传导机制;非政策预期管理的优化则要完善宏观经济信息传导机制,并改善市场环境。货币政策预期管理的改进,需要提高政策调整及工具使用的合理性和适宜性,并不断完善央行沟通、前瞻指引等预期管理方式,实现政策信息传导的及时有效。     

基于市场预期行为的货币政策透明度检验

通过考察金融市场参与者的行为变化或分析市场利率在政策公告后的变化趋势,可以间接对货币政策透明度进行度量;利用相应的货币政策透明度检验模型和我国金融市场的利率数据进行检验,可知我国中央银行在基准利率调整和准备金率改变等重大的政策决策上,货币当局更倾向于采用模糊的政策操作方式,由此会导致市场预期的混乱,并最终对政策实施效果产生负面影响,因此,我国有必要借鉴西方国家的政策操作经验,进一步增加政策操作方面的透明度,并借以最终建立一个简单透明、效率更高的政策调控框架。     

MULTIDIMENSIONAL DYNAMIC RISK MEASURE VIA CONDITIONAL g‐EXPECTATION

This paper deals with multidimensional dynamic risk measures induced by conditional g‐expectations. A notion of multidimensional g‐expectation is proposed to provide a multidimensional version of nonlinear expectations. By a technical result on explicit expressions for the comparison theorem, uniqueness theorem, and viability on a rectangle of solutions to multidimensional backward stochastic differential equations, some necessary and sufficient conditions are given for the constancy, monotonicity, positivity, and translatability properties of multidimensional conditional g‐expectations and multidimensional dynamic risk measures; we prove that a multidimensional dynamic g‐risk measure is nonincreasingly convex if and only if the generator g satisfies a quasi‐monotone increasingly convex condition. A general dual representation is given for the multidimensional dynamic convex g‐risk measure in which the penalty term is expressed more precisely. It is shown that model uncertainty leads to the convexity of risk measures. As to applications, we show how this multidimensional approach can be applied to measure the insolvency risk of a firm with interacting subsidiaries; optimal risk sharing for ‐tolerant g‐risk measures, and risk contribution for coherent g‐risk measures are investigated. Insurance g‐risk measure and other ways to induce g‐risk measures are also studied at the end of the paper.     

美国消费者满意指数:原理、方法与启示

本文介绍了美国消费者满意指数的编制背景、依据的模型和具体的编制方法,重点分析了消费者满意指数在经济与经营绩效衡量方面的运用。文章认为,消费者满意指数可以从企业、行业和国家三个层次反映经济活动的绩效,不仅是传统的绩效衡量指标的有益补充,而且直接与企业未来盈利性相联系,具有传统指标不具有的独特价值;消费者满意指数有两个显著特点,一是测量消费者对某种产品的整体满意感,二是承认消费者满意水平不能直接衡量,应通过建立模型进行估计。文章还指出了消费者满意指数的局限性如抽象掉了不同行业和产品的差异性,也没有建立产品和服务的性能与消费者满意之间的联系等。