Book production and the onset of modern economic growth

We provide a new data set on per capita book production as a proxy for advanced literacy skills, and assess this relative to other measures. While literacy proxies very basic skills, book production per capita is an indicator for more advanced capabilities. Growth theory suggests that human capital formation plays a significant role in creating the ‘wealth of nations.’ This study tests whether human capital formation has an impact on early-modern growth disparities. In contrast to some previous studies which denied the role of human capital as a crucial determinant of long-term growth, we confirm its importance.      

日本粮食业现状概述——强烈地震使日本粮食业面临挑战

日本领土狭小,资源缺乏,人口众多,因此保障国内粮食安全是历届政府优先考虑的事项。长期以来,政府高度补贴和保护国内农业,特别是粮食的生产与配送。尽管如此,日本仍然是世界上最大的粮食进口国,食物需求（按照热量计算）的约60%依靠进口。尽管强烈地震对日本粮食业的影响低于人们的预期,但还是给其带来了巨大的挑战。     

“校企合作、产学结合”人才培养模式的实践与探索——以南京化工职业技术学院为例

本文分析南京化工职业技术学院实施＂校企合作、产学结合＂的基础和保障,提出具有鲜明特色的＂1＋1＋1＂的分段式人才培养模式和＂T11＂的顶岗实习模式,在＂1＋1＋1＂分段式人才培养模式和＂T11＂顶岗实习模式基础上完成重构理论、实践课程体系构建。     

通过政府规制和市场机制来发展绿色经济

本文基于2012年联合国“里约+20”峰会中提出的“绿色经济”新概念,从理论上论述了传统“褐色经济”失灵的原因,指出未来中国发展绿色经济最有效的手段就是发挥好利用“政府”和“市场”这两只手的协同作用。其中政府规制的内容包括：加强资源环境保护法律规章的建设、科学有效的财政和货币政策、绿色GDP等环境指标体系的完善等,市场机制的内容包括：构建绿色市场经济制度、推行绿色消费新理念和企业绿色生产。     

基于LMDI的我国能耗增长总量分解

本文运用迪氏对数指标分解法（LMDI）对我国6个行业在1985～2005年的能耗增长进行研究,将总能耗增长量分解为3个部分：生产效应,结构效应和强度效应。研究结果表明,我国过去20多年来能耗消费增长的主要动因是生产规模的扩大和经济结构的调整,而我国能耗强度的降低则大大地延缓了能耗总量的增长。本文最后根据研究结果提出了相关的政策建议。     

The Limits of Organizational Change

The paper builds on the Marxist concept of exploitation to explore the meaning of the Post Keynesian notion of uncertainty. Uncertainty is mediated by institutions and is distributed unevenly among different social groups. As different historical social formations entail different institutional structures, the distribution and nature of uncertainty will also differ. The social configurations between class relations and uncertainty are analyzed for the capitalist, feudal and slave modes of production. It is demonstrated that modes of production do not only imply specific exploitative relations but also different relative distributions of uncertainty amongst classes. The joining of Marxian and Post Keynesian approaches allows for a richer understanding of exploitive relations and illuminates the full societal impact of uncertainty. It is shown that only in capitalism is the exploited class exposed to a substantial degree of economic uncertainty.     

领先顾客知识管理对产品不连续创新绩效的影响

基于技术采用生命周期的视角,构建了领先顾客知识管理对企业产品不连续创新绩效影响模型,研究了战略柔性在两者间影响关系中的中介作用。利用问卷调查数据实证检验了领先顾客知识管理、产品不连续创新以及战略柔性三者之间的关系。得出如下结论:领先顾客知识管理对产品不连续创新绩效存在正向影响;战略柔性在领先顾客知识管理对产品不连续创新绩效影响中起中介作用。     

The impact of production offshoring on the skill composition of manufacturing firms: evidence from Italy

In this work we explore how the international outsourcing of production impacts the skill composition of employment within Italian manufacturing firms. In particular, our aim is to assess whether the choice to offshore production activities to cheap‐labour countries implies a bias in the employment of skilled workers relative to unskilled ones.

Using a balanced panel of firms covering the period 1995–2003, we set up a counterfactual analysis in which, by using a difference‐in‐differences propensity score matching estimator, we compare the dynamics of skill demand for treated and control firms while addressing the possible problem of selection bias.

Our results identify a ‘potential’ skill bias effect of production offshoring. In particular, we find that treated firms tend to show an upward shift in the skill ratio with respect to the counterfactual sample, but coefficients are not significantly different from zero. When we look at the elements of the skill ratio separately, we find that the skill bias is driven by a fall in the employment of production workers (blue collars), rather than by the increase in the employment of non‐production workers (white collars), thus providing further evidence on the unskilled labour‐saving nature of international outsourcing.