Producing drama: a comparison of film tax incentives to alternative uses

Incentive packages are popular tools for economic development. However, development projects are often considered in isolation without an analysis of opportunity costs. In this study, we use an intuitive framework for comparing projects and weigh alternate projects against North Carolina’s film incentive programme. The results indicate that there are substantial differences in the economic impact of the projects we consider in this study. Our results suggest that policy decisions by governments and economic development officials should weigh a potential project against alternative uses in order to optimize the use of incentives.     

环境公平感知、社会信任与农户低碳生产行为*——以农膜、秸秆处理为例

［目的］研究旨在探讨环境公平感知和社会信任与农户低碳生产行为之间的关系，为促进农户生产行为向低碳化方向转变提供对策建议。［方法］基于陕西和甘肃两省的村域调查数据，以农膜和秸秆处理为例，运用二元logistic模型探讨环境公平感知和社会信任对农户低碳生产行为的影响，并结合分层回归分析了社会信任在环境公平感知和农户低碳生产行为间的调节效应。［结果］（1）在环境公平感知维度中，人际公平感知正向影响农户的农膜和秸秆处理行为； （2）对社会信任来讲，人际信任对农户农膜和秸秆处理行为均有显著的促进作用，而制度信任仅对农户秸秆处理行为具有正向影响； （3）人际信任在种际公平感知和农户农膜处理行为之间具有显著的正向调节效应，而制度信任在两者之间具有显著的负向调节效应； 同样，人际信任在人际公平感知和农户秸秆处理行为之间具有正向调节效应，而制度信任弱化了人际公平感知对农户秸秆处理行为的影响。［结论］环境公平感知和社会信任是影响农户低碳生产行为的关键因素，且社会信任在种际公平感知和农户农膜处理行为之间以及在人际公平感知和农户秸秆处理行为之间具有显著的调节作用。     

玻璃纤维增强塑料夹砂管初始力学性能检测的研究

由玻璃纤维增强塑料夹砂管的环刚度、刚度等级概念分析了环刚度设计与检测的基本方法,探讨挠曲水平、轴向拉伸强力和环向拉伸强力检测方法,比较分析了各种方法的优缺点与适用范围,对理解及掌握玻璃纤维增强塑料夹砂管初始力学性能的概念及相关检测方法具有一定参考意义。     

新疆棉农残膜回收行为影响因素及实证研究*——基于棉农的调研数据

［目的］为响应农业农村部“农业绿色发展五大行动”，加强农业面源污染防治，缓解新疆棉田残膜危害，基于新疆棉农的问卷调查研究棉农的残膜回收行为。［方法］采用描述性统计和Logistic回归模型分析影响新疆棉农残膜回收行为的因素。［结果］（1）新疆农用地膜回收率低，地膜污染形势严峻。（2）棉农对残膜危害认知缺乏，对残膜回收的间接价值认识不足，影响新疆残膜回收效率。（3）残膜回收的成本收益是影响棉农残膜回收行为的关键因素，其他如棉农年龄、种棉年限、对残膜危害的认知等自身特征，以及农户劳动力数量、政府对残膜污染的关注程度等因素对棉农的残膜回收行为有重要影响。［结论］网络及电视广播等现代媒体对棉农的残膜危害认知水平有较大影响，棉农更愿意采用成本更节约的焚烧、堆地的残膜处理方式。因此提出引导棉农残膜回收、提高棉田残膜回收效率的对策建议。     

USING LEGISLATION TO REDUCE ONE‐TIME PLASTIC BAG USAGE

Plastic bag litter generates serious environmental concerns and poses a risk to wildlife. As this does not seem to be a problem which can be resolved by the private sector alone, or by ‘Coasean’ negotiation, legislation is proposed, particularly focusing on ‘one‐use’ bags. This article surveys legislation worldwide, while concentrating on lessons from the United States and the United Kingdom. The issues are more complex than is often assumed. While environmentalists argue for restriction and ultimate elimination of one‐use bags, manufacturers, especially those that have reformulated the composition of their bags, see legislation as an overreaction to a problem that is already being addressed within the industry. They cite evidence that, when used within a comprehensive recycling programme, plastic bags are not only cost‐effective but a sound use of our limited resources. Bans or restrictions can have knock‐on effects which can create new problems.     

In and out of everyday life through film experiences: an analysis of two social spaces as leisure frames

The new information and communication technologies have made it possible to view films in different spaces. Using the symbolic interactionist framework as a frame of analysis, we interpret the meaning of the two experiences of viewing technology-mediated films in the home and in the cinema. We conducted field research during the first half of 2009, digitally recording 16 interviews with research participants living in Barcelona (Spain). The interviews were transcribed verbatim with the help of voice-recognition software. Reports from our research participants indicate that individuals considered only the cinema experience to be a true leisure activity, while the home experience was interpreted as a routine recreational activity. Therefore, the meanings of the film-viewing activity were associated with the symbolic properties of the frames of interpretation. Finally, we discuss the implications of these findings for the home as a unified centre where shared meanings are co-produced by family members.     

塑料在汽车内饰上的应用

随着汽车内饰件轻量化和环保的要求,塑料件的应用越来越广泛。本文主要介绍了塑料在仪表板、门板上的应用及其发展趋势,列举了塑料件的常见缺陷及其解决措施。     

中印电影产业国际竞争力的比较研究

随着经济全球化的不断发展,电影产业对一国经济的发展起着越来越重要的作用。同属于发展中国家的中国和印度,电影产业的发展却存在较大差异。基于"钻石模型"理论,从需求、资源、相关支持产业以及企业战略、结构和政府五个方面剖析了中印电影出口存在的差异及成因,提出了改革电影体制,落实政策法规;缩小文化差异,打破文化隔阂;完善资源整合,改革营销策略;刺激国内需求,形成规模效应等对策建议。     

纳米碳酸钙的应用技术

结合纳米碳酸钙的生产和应用实践经验,介绍了纳米碳酸钙在塑料、橡胶、涂料、黏胶剂、造纸、油墨等领域的重要作用、应用关键技术.     

钛氧膜表面原位构建树状分子的仿生性能研究

为提高钛氧膜表面官能团密度,改善其血液相容性,特在其表面原位构建多羟基树状分子。本文通过合成11-羟基十一烷基膦酸(HUPA)后在钛氧膜表面进行自组装,通过依次重复利用传统的亲核取代反应等,制备三代端羟基树状表面。选用红外(FTIR)对HUPA的合成进行定性表征,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)进一步观察材料表面形貌并检测制备于氧化钛薄膜端羟基树状表面润湿性的改变,通过血小板粘附实验考量改性后钛氧膜的抗血小板粘附与激活的能力。采用纤维蛋白原粘附实验进一步测试改性材料的血液相容性。实验结果表明端羟基树状表面的制备有效改善了氧化钛薄膜的抗凝血性能,同时提高了材料表面的官能团数量,为后续的组装改性提供了条件。