可食性小麦蛋白膜的研究

本文介绍了小麦蛋白及其成膜特性,总结了国内外可食性蛋白膜的研究现状,提出了可食性小麦蛋白膜的研究方案,并对膜的安全性及其应用作了展望。     

On Quality and Variety Bias in Aggregate Prices

How do product variety and quality affect the aggregate price bias? We develop a general equilibrium model that accounts for the joint interaction of product quality and variety. Our findings show that the aggregate price bias is procyclical and the contribution of product variety is persistent whereas the contribution of product quality becomes countercyclical in the medium to long run. We show that accounting for product quality and variety has critical implications on the measure of cyclical fluctuations. Measurements of cyclical fluctuations derived using the consumption deflator, which abstracts from changes in product quality and variety, underestimate the variables' true volatility.     

高分1号冬小麦解译面积核算方法研究

[目的]以高分1号(GF-1)融合2m卫星遥感影像为基础数据源,结合土地利用现状数据、高分多源遥感影像和地面样方等数据,对冬小麦分类提取中存在的面积误差问题进行研究和分析。[方法]文章以河南省永城市为研究区,在冬小麦提取结果聚类处理基础上,基于线性地物缓冲区数据,采用GIS空间运算实现线性地物面积扣除,接着分析了样方数据和土地利用现状数据再扣除零星地物面积比例上的差异,并采用样方零星地物平均扣除系数对全市各乡镇耕地与非耕地中冬小麦提取面积进行了相关统计和误差分析。[结果]永城市冬小麦最终解译面积11. 29万hm~2,其中线性地物和零星地物扣除面积分别为6 613. 08hm~2和3 875. 22hm~2,占研究区冬小麦解译面积的5. 86%和3. 32%,与统计上报数据相比,其处理前后误差由14. 12%降低至4. 41%,有效地提高冬小麦提取面积精度。[结论]误差来源分析与修正对冬小麦解译面积核算精度具有重要影响,该研究为县级区域尺度下冬小麦面积提取核算提供了思路和借鉴。     

小麦面筋含量测定影响因素分析

面筋含量是影响小麦和小麦粉品质的重要因素,面筋吸水率是小麦储存品质的重要指标。本文对小麦面筋含量测定中的关键步骤和重点环节进行了分析,探讨不同因素对试验结果造成的影响及应注意的事项,以期为各基层试验人员提供借鉴,为未来标准的修订提供参考。     

Price competition in a differentiated products duopoly under network effects

We examine price competition under product-specific network effects, in a duopoly where the products are differentiated both horizontally and vertically. We emphasize the role of consumers’ expectations formation. When expectations are not influenced by prices, the market may be shared but shares must be equal unless product qualities differ or one firm, possibly even the low-quality one, may capture the entire market. When expectations are influenced by prices, which would be the case when there is commitment, competition becomes more intense and the high-quality firm tends to capture a larger market share. Under strong network effects there is a continuum of equilibria and the higher the prices, the smaller the difference between those prices can be. Requiring continuity of expectations, however, delivers a unique equilibrium where one firm captures the entire market.     

我国水果产品在东盟市场的竞争力研究

运用市场占有率、贸易竞争力指数、显性比较优势指数对我国与东盟主要水果出口国在东盟市场的竞争状况进行了测算和比较分析。研究结果表明:在总体上,我国水果在东盟市场上具有一定优势,但在多数水果品目上并不具有竞争优势;研究结论可为有针对性地增强我国水果在东盟的竞争力提供借鉴。     

The power of video to trigger innovation: rice processing in central Benin

Participatory plant breeding began in developing countries and now some European farmers and scientists are proposing its suitability in contributing to sustainable agriculture. This paper uses both genetics and sociology to determine the conditions required. A review of the sustainability of projects implemented in developing countries initiated discussion of an organic durum wheat participatory breeding programme, which is currently being implemented in the south of France. The analysis highlighted the need for the critical participation of experts from different horizons in a socio-technical network. Multi-level interactions and cross-linked learning processes about breeding methods and sociological concepts are needed for effective communication between different stakeholders and scientific disciplines. This approach enables implementation of a range of different action systems in which the production of relevant knowledge and rules addresses the issue of the sustainable development of diverse agro-food systems, rather than the generalization of one model.     

集成化大宗农产品供应链模型与应用

集成化农产品供应链管理是农产品供应链管理的核心内容,有效的农产品供应链可以解决农产品供应链的链接松弛问题,有助于我国"三农问题"的解决。建立农产品供应链结构模型是集成供应链的首要步骤,分析完全竞争下大宗农产品的特点和农产品供应链过程及关系,构建有效供应链的分析原则,对更有效的农产品供应链建立有借鉴意义。     

和田河流域土地资源可持续利用研究

和田河流域是干旱区沙漠中一条具有生态意义的河流,在短短半个世纪的时间里,生态环境发生了巨大的变化.由于气候状况和人类对和田河流域的开发程度加重,已引起上游山地冰川退缩、天然植被退化;中游绿洲耕地扩张迅速,土壤盐渍化,河渠人工渠化,水库增加显著;下游荒漠植被退化,水资源严重不足,土地沙化等生态环境问题,流域生态环境趋于脆...     

System of crop intensification for more productive,resource-conserving,climate-resilient,and sustainable agriculture: experience with diverse crops in varying agroecologies

With continually increasing demand for food accompanied by the constraints of climate change and the availability and quality of soil and water, the world’s farmers are challenged to produce more food per hectare with less water, and with fewer agrochemical inputs if possible. The ideas and methods of the system of rice intensification which is improving irrigated rice production are now being extended/adapted to many other crops: wheat, maize, finger millet, sugarcane, tef, mustard, legumes, vegetables, and even spices. Promoting better root growth and enhancing the soil’s fertility with organic materials are being found effective means for raising the yields of many crop plants with less water, less fertilizer, reduced seeds, fewer agrochemicals, and greater climate resilience. In this article, we review what is becoming known about various farmer-centred innovations for agroecological crop management that can contribute to agricultural sustainability. These changes represent the emerging system of crop intensification, which is being increasingly applied in Asian, African, and Latin American countries. More research will be needed to verify the efficacy and impact of these innovations and to clarify their conditions and limits. But as no negative effects for human or environmental health have been identified, making these agronomic options more widely known should prompt more investigation and, to the extent justified by results, utilization of these methodologies.