Gene-environment interactions and the complexity of human genetic diseases

In the assessment of mortality and morbidity risk, the ability of family history and genetic test results to predict the age of occurrence, severity, and long-term prognosis of 'genetic' diseases is important. An increasing number of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions have been demonstrated in a number of monogenic Mendelian diseases. These interactions can significantly modify the clinical presentation (disease phenotype) of diseases previously regarded purely as 'genetic.' As a result, 'genetic' diseases can be positioned in a continuum between classic Mendelian and complex disease where the extremes, pure genetic or solely non-genetic, do not exist. The position of any given disease in this continuum is defined by three components: the major gene(s) contributing to the phenotype, the variability added by modifier genes and the significance of environmental factors influencing the phenotype. As the predictive value of genetic test results can be significantly influenced by additional genetic and environmental risk factors, a better understanding of these factors may influence the quantification of mortality and morbidity risk.     

美国会不会成为下一个希腊——谈美国金融监管改革

5月20日,美国参议院通过了金融监管改革方案。奥巴马政府选择在此时着手金融监管改革,一个重要的原因,是为了捞回在医改中丢失的政治资本,为赢得中期选举做准备     

Market discipline and monetary policy

The effects of forward looking expectations of future inflationon equilibrium inflation and interest rates are examined withinan imperfect information framework. Expectations of future inflationaffect equilibrium in a manner similar to an increase in thecentral bank's weight on future social welfare, making it morelikely an opportunistic central bank will actually deliver onits announced inflation targets, and output expansions can ariseeven if the central banker is revealed to be a low inflationtype. The model also illustrates the channels through whichinflation scares raise current real interest rates.     

基于价值链的人力资源管理目标搭建与运行系统模型

面对新经济,传统的人力资源管理模式受到全方位的挑战。价值链管理作为企业管理领域崭新的管理模式,已经在许多大型企业或企业集团中得到广泛使用,但仍需要不断创新。将价值链分析纳入人力资源管理的目标搭建与运行系统流程中来,以价值为导向,以价值源泉为切入点来实现其价值创造、价值评价、价值分配的有机结合和良性循环,以期对深刻理解人力资源管理在组织的战略地位、整体价值的延伸和增值及其人力资源管理职能活动的系统带来启发和现实指导。     

农村城市化:农民市民化研究的新视角

农村城市化以农村(主要是农村城镇体系)为载体,通过改造农村社会的一系列硬件、软件环境,缩小农村和城市的差距,从而实现城乡一体化.提出农村城市化的意义在于,把农民市民化研究的视角伸向了农村.提出农村城市化,不否认城市化仍然是我国农民市民化的一个重要舞台和载体,但基于中国的特殊国情,农村城市化应该成为我国农民市民化的主要舞台和载体.     

复杂系统态势下商业银行转型创新战略研究——基于130家银行的fsQCA组态效应分析

在复杂系统理论视域下,构建商业银行转型创新四要素分析框架,并以130家商业银行为样本,运用模糊集定性比较分析方法 (fsQCA),从组态视角分析商业银行盈利能力影响因素,并得出其背后的规律。研究发现：实现商业银行高盈利能力的10种组态,其中风险因素成为最关键,创新因素为其次,而物理网点等传统规模因素贡献度最低。最后为商业银行转型创新提供了理论参考和实践指向。