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排序方式: 共有38条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Review of Industrial Organization - 相似文献
2.
Edward Nissan Miguel-Angel Galindo María Teresa Méndez Picazo 《The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal》2012,8(4):411-420
In the case of economic progress, some of the literature has considered economic growth and economic progress to be the same thing. However, there is a relevant difference between the two concepts. As Holcombe states, economic growth considers the quantity of products and economic progress the quality of products. Innovation has been considered as a key factor to promote economic progress. A culture would have a direct and an indirect effect on innovation through entrepreneurship. The goal of this paper is to analyze the relationship between culture and innovation. To carry out this study, an empirical estimation has been developed for the case of 11 countries. 相似文献
3.
Edward Nissan 《The Review of Black Political Economy》1991,20(1):5-23
More than twenty-five years ago, Simon Kuznets formulated some procedures to measure the contribution of the agricultural
sector to economic growth and development. This article provides a view of the experience of various countries at different
stages of economic development to examine how they fare individually in terms of Kuznets’s suggestions. A major objective
is the exploration of relationships between the levels of income and agricultural product and labor contribution to economic
growth. It was found, as Kuznets perceived, that the contribution declines as the level of income rises. 相似文献
4.
This article examines the effects of disinflation on economicactivity in countries characterized by chronic inflation. Suchcountries have a long history of inflation at rates exceedingthose in industrial countries as well as labor and capital marketsthat have adjusted to function in an inflationary environment.A sample of disinflation programs in several Latin Americancountries and in Israel demonstrates that stabilization effortsin countries with chronic inflation often do not induce theusual Phillips curve tradeoff in the medium run. Specifically,stabilization programs that use the exchange rate as the mainnominal anchor are often associated with a business cycle thatbegins with a boom and ends with a recession. Stabilizationprograms that use money supply as the nominal anchor generallyinduce the expected Phillips curve result: lower inflation isaccompanied by a recession after the program is implemented. 相似文献
5.
6.
Orthodox stabilization programs in Latin American countrieshave been notoriously unsuccessful in combating inflation, despitethe imposition of stringent cuts in government deficits. Inmost cases inflation came down only slowly and temporarily,with concomitant declines in growth and employment. The Bolivianprogam, one of the only Latin American successes, is contrastedwith those of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Mexico. The problemsof dealing with chronic inflation are compared with those ofhyperinflationary countries, and the influence of price andwage rigidities, expectations, and credibility is explored.The study shows that fiscal restraint is a necessary but notsufficient condition for success, and that sound managementof nominal variables (the exchange rate and money supply) arealso necessary. The critical role of credibility is linked withprice and wage rigidities in the chronic inflation countries,whereas the unsustainability of hyperinflation is seen to increasethe credibility of and thus the potential for successful stabilizationprograms. 相似文献
7.
What advantages and disadvantages does the heterodox strategyoffer to stabilization programs in countries with chronic highinflation? Heterodox stabilization programs, in our definition,are those that support orthodox policies that is, tightfiscal policy and a fixed exchange ratewith the initial,temporary use of incomes policies that is, price andwage controls. This evaluation, based on several heterodox programs,successful and unsuccessful, from the 1960s and 1980s in LatinAmerican countries and Israel, affords four principal lessons: * The rapid reduction in inflation at the beginning of heterodoxprograms (which usually comes about at small cost) is the easypart; the problem is to maintain price stability over time. * Incomes policies in heterodox stabilization programs are justifiedonly in countries with high chronic inflation, where persistentinflation is more pervasive and problematic. * There is a case for a bigger fiscal adjustment in heterodoxthan in orthodox programs because of the risk that a programwith price controls may be misperceived as a populist devicefor achieving price stability without adjusting. * The failure of a heterodox program is more likely to destabilizeinflation than is the failure of an orthodox program. 相似文献
8.
Industrial concentration is broadly defined as a few firms controlling a substantial share of assets or sales of the market.
In the multinational industrial sector, this paper shows that the largest 50 and 100 in the developing economies control substantial
amounts of assets and sales, both foreign and total. Two well known indexes of concentration were used, the Herfindahl and
Theil’s entropy, to check the levels of concentration between 1994 and 2003 for the top 50 and between 2004 and 2006 for the
top 100. It was found that although the sizes of the multinationals in assets and sales increased during the period, the relative
concentration remained somewhat static. 相似文献
9.
This research investigates socio-economic gaps between countries of the European Union (EU). The countries, for comparison
purposes, are grouped into five sets to find out if the different groupings differ in means and variances. The overall conclusion
is that the 15 core combinations outperform the rest when comparisons are made on the basis of 45 socio-economic variables.
However, the newly added countries in the enlargement appear to be fairly homogeneous when compared in accordance with the
45 variables. Of special interest is whether the inclusion of Turkey among the newly admitted would have changed the pattern
of homogeneity among them. The answer to this question is a guarded yes.
相似文献
10.
Edward Nissan Maria-Soledad Castaño Inmaculada Carrasco 《Small Business Economics》2012,38(3):303-320
This paper contributes to the existing debate on the determinants of non-profit activity. The main theories have been centered
in (1) the study of the individual behavior of people (donors, non-profit entrepreneurs), (2) one single factor or (3) one
single country. To quantify this approach, data for 38 countries have been used, extracted from World Values Survey, United
Nations Development Program and Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. A structural modeling approach based in partial least squares
(PLS) has been applied. The results provide evidence of the strength of environmental factors such as trust, economic development
and social care public expenditures in non-profit activity. The model doesn’t confirm the existence of a positive relationship
between entrepreneurship and non-profit activity. Nevertheless, the authors consider that the supply side theories and the
idea of spatial production of entrepreneurship are quite consistent and find some signs evidencing a positive relationship
between these variables. 相似文献