Finding a lasting cure for U.S. health care

In "Making Competition in Health Care Work" (July-August 1994), Elizabeth Olmsted Teisberg, Michael E. Porter, and Gregory B. Brown ask a question that has been absent from the national debate on health care reform: How can the United States achieve sustained cost reductions while at the same time maintaining quality of care? The authors argue that innovation driven by rigorous competition is the key to successful reform. A lasting cure for health care in the United States should include four basic elements: corrected incentives to spur productive competition, universal insurance to secure economic efficiency, relevant information to ensure meaningful choice, and innovation to guarantee dynamic improvement. In this issue's Perspectives section, eleven experts examine the current state of the health care system and offer their views on the shape that reform should take. Some excerpts: "On the road to innovation, let us not forget to develop the tools that allow physicians, payers, and patients to make better decisions." I. Steven Udvarhelyi; "Health care is not a product or service that can be standardized, packaged, marketed, or adequately judged by consumers according to quality and price." Arnold S. Relman; "Just as antitrust laws are the wise restraints that make competition free in other sectors of the economy, so the right kind of managed competition can work well in health care." Edward M. Kennedy "Biomedical research should be considered primarily an investment in the national economic well-being with additional humanitarian benefits." Elizabeth Marincola.     

论会计电算化对审计的影响及对策

会计电算化的实施,给审计工作带来很大的影响。本文从会计电算化的基本内涵出发,将会计电算化对审计的影响从几个方面进行了分析,并提出了相应的对策。     

Governing the Palm-Oil Sector through Finance: The Changing Roles of the Indonesian State

By analysing the different roles of the Indonesian state in arranging finance schemes for palm-oil development since 1945, this article aims to answer two questions: What are these roles? And to what extent have they prioritised or balanced economic growth, social equity, and environmental protection? We conclude that the state has never been absent from the palm-oil industry but has had different and changing financing roles that are historically contingent and shaped by the evolving economic and political landscape. Furthermore, these roles reflect Indonesia’s priorities of achieving economic growth through palm-oil development, furthering social equity, and, recently, promoting environmental sustainability.     

洪河自然保护区丹顶鹤秋季觅食生境初步研究

2005-10-12～21对洪河自然保护区秋季丹顶鹤的觅食生境采用因子测定法,对栖息地进行了觅食生境的研究,包括植物高度、植物密度、植物盖度、水深、水流、人为干扰等。对丹顶鹤觅食生境进行样方测定。结果表明洪河自然保护区的植物盖度为49.50%,植物密度为491株/㎡。根据对野外调查数据用标准差分析以及平均值比较等数学方法处理,得出了以下结论:丹顶鹤喜好在植物高度60-120cm,植物盖度低于75%,植物密度在600棵/㎡的左右生境中觅食,距人类活动场所的距离大于500m的生境中觅食。本研究为保护丹顶鹤栖息地提供重要的依据。     

关于科技进步促进银川市经济发展的思考

科技进步已成为推动银川市经济发展的主要动力,在银川市的经济发展中起着先导的作用.但与沿海地区比较,银川的科技作用还是很不够的,还存在着制约科技进步和发挥作用的因素.发展和繁荣银川市经济,需要加快实施科技进步的步伐,强化人力资源开发,建立创新体制和机制,调整产业结构、改造传统产业,增加科技资金投入、加大基础研究,加强与区外的交流与合作.     

RP-HPLC法测定左旋苯甘氨酸乙基邓钾盐的含量

建立了测定左旋苯甘氨酸乙基邓钾盐含量的高效液相色谱方法.采用Thermos C18色谱柱,流动相为0.01 mol/L磷酸盐缓冲液(含0.2％(体积分数)三乙胺,85％(体积分数)磷酸,调节pH值为3.0)-乙腈(体积比为5∶95)为流动相,检测波长为220 nm.样品在pH值为2.0条件下水解后,以水解产物苯甘氨酸为...     

Utility Averaging Policies—Impact on Consumer's Energy Usage

Average Monthly Payment (AMP) plan is a utility policy designed to assist consumers in need such as low income and elderly. This study examines whether this utility policy is an advantage to these target customers. Results indicate that, with a muted price signal, the AMP plan produces an effect contrary to the objective of assisting low and fixed income consumers. Further, the study indicates consumers on the AMP plan consume more energy and the AMP plan does not appear to support energy conservation and efficiency.     

重庆统筹城乡教育发展的有效途径

重庆市在统筹城乡教育发展过程中，面临着经济发展总体落后、区域经济发展不平衡、区县间师资水平、教育设施水平差距大、课程设置单一以及流动人口子女入学难等问题。文章在深入剖析其内在原因的基础上，分别从财政投入体制、教育管理体制、户籍管理体制以及教学内容等方面提出了解决的方案，同时，还论证了积极争取国家财政支持的重要性。     

MM定理与科斯定理的"理想状态"研究

MM定理与科斯定理虽然分属会计学资本结构划分理论和经济学产权结构划分理论,却有看相同的思想核心.将MM定理类比于科斯定理进行重新表述,得出了能涵盖MM定理和权衡理论的结果.科斯定理的模型化又得益于MM定理原有模型的启发.二者通过比较又形成结构与形式的借鉴与统一,体现了哲学恒定论的观点.MM定理与科斯定理通过起点于"理想状态"的结构比较分析后,有助于拓展思维,深化各自领域的研究.这是财务理论研究"理想状态"研究方法的尝试.     

Accounting for Trends in Productivity and R&D: A Schumpeterian Critique of Semi-Endogenous Growth Theory

This paper argues that long-run trends in R&D and TFP are more supportive of fully endogenous "Schumpeterian" growth theory than they are of semi-endogenous growth theory. The distinctive prediction of semi-endogenous theory that sustained TFP growth requires sustained growth of R&D input is not supported by co-integration tests and forecasting exercises, as TFP growth has been stationary even though the growth rate of R&D input has fallen three-fold since the early 1950s. In contrast, the prediction of Schumpeterian theory that sustained TFP growth requires a sustained fraction of GDP to be spent on R&D is not contradicted by similar tests.