基于DEA-Malmquist的中部地区高技术产业R&D效率实证研究

在中部科技崛起思想背景下,文章基于《中国高技术产业统计年鉴(2005—2010)》数据资料,使用C2R模型、BC2模型以及DEA—Malmquist指数分析法对2004—2009年中部六省高技术产业的R&D的综合技术效率、资源配置效率、技术进步指数等因素进行实证研究。结果认为:航天航空业综合效率无效,是导致整体高技术产业TFP值低下的主要原因;电子计算机及办公设备制造业的TFP值与技术进步指数最高;技术进步对高技术产业的推动作用超过资源配置指数。文章最后还给出了几点改进非有效行业R&D效率的对策建议。     

Modes of Foreign Direct Investment and Intellectual Property Rights Protection: Wholly‐owned or Joint Venture? Firm‐level Evidence from Taiwanese Multinational Manufacturing Enterprises

This paper finds evidence from Taiwanese manufacturing multinational enterprises (MNEs) for the period 2003–2005 to show that Taiwanese manufacturing MNEs are more likely to choose joint ventures (JVs) if intellectual property rights (IPRs) protection in the foreign direct investment (FDI) host country is strong. The estimation results suggest that if a country with an IPR strength similar to the level of Chile increases its IPR protection to the strength of Taiwan, the probability of forming JVs in that country will increase by 13.8%. One policy implication of this study is that developing countries can stimulate local participation by IPR reform.     

CEO Overconfidence and Long‐Term Performance Following R&D Increases

We examine the relation between Chief Executive Officer (CEO) overconfidence and significant increases in research and development (R&D) expenditures. Although prior studies reveal a significantly positive market reaction to increases in R&D expenditures in both the long and short run, we find that long‐run stock performance is positive only for firms whose CEOs are not overconfident. Our findings, which may be attributable to overinvestment and the overestimation of future cash flows, imply that R&D resulting from overconfident behavior does not provide any value to firms.     

谈采油厂数据质量的控制与管理

数据质量控制及管理的重要性 新疆油田公司在科研生产中运用信息技术起步较早．20世纪70年代初．油田公司就利用国产的DJS-108型计算机进行地震处理解释和油藏数值模拟。随着信息技术的飞速发展．油田公司也不断加快信息化建设的步伐．积极推进信息技术的应用。通过近几年的信息化数据建设．新疆油田公司逐步认识到．数据是油田的宝贵财富。在勘探方面。物探、钻探、试油、测井等生产环节直接的产品就是数据。在开发方面．必须对油井的各种生产数据进行采集整理．从而分析油藏的变化情况．优化开采方案。可以说。数据是勘探开发研究的“原料”．油田公司也为获取这些“原料”投入了大量的资金。然而．部分采油一线企业对此认识不足．观念尚未转变．没有把信息化数据作为资产来管理．也没有意识到在提升企业核心竞争力的信息化建设中．数据质量的控制和管理是关键因素。     

中国制造业R&D资源配置效率评价及对策——基于第二次全国R&D资源清查数据

利用2009年第二次全国R&D资源清查数据,基于经典的DEA模型,对我国28个制造业行业的R&D资源配置效率进行分析。结果显示:我国制造业整体的R&D资源配置效率不高,行业间的R&D资源配置效率存在较大差距;技术层次低的制造业行业的R&D资源配置效率普遍低于技术层次较高的制造业行业。最后提出,必须优化资源投入结构、强化经营管理、深化技术创新以及加强人才培养。     

基于精益钻井工程技术管理的降本减耗

通过分析精益生产方式的本质,提出降本增效的途径。结合钻井工程技术管理实践,找出一套节能降耗的有效方法,并逐步运用于生产实际,同时也有助于在石油企业推广应用。     

Testing the impact of a promotional video on destination image change: application of China as a tourism destination

This study empirically examines the potential effects of a promotional video on the image change of China as a travel destination. The analysis is based on an experimental study conducted among young, international short‐term employees in the USA. Despite positive changes in almost all the destination attributes as a result of watching the promotional video, the structure of the image constructs remains fairly stable, providing critical insights on the potential role of publicity campaigns in affecting destination images. Results of the study reveal that China's image consists of mixed and often contrasting representations, especially the polarity of modernisation and progress versus nature and history. It was found that the dominant factor affecting the respondents' behavioural intentions was the cultural and nature tourism dimension. Although other image dimensions exhibit influence as well, findings of this study suggest that perceived value should be a strategic focus in promoting China as a desirable travel destination, in addition to culture and nature tourism. This paper ends with conclusions and implications for both research on destination image and destination marketing in China. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Corporate Philanthropy,Research Networks,and Collaborative Innovation

Using a unique data set of corporate philanthropic activities, we find that direct giving activities are positively associated both with higher levels of innovation and innovation that is more influential, collaborative, and original. Our results suggest that much of what is ostensibly promoted as philanthropy actually reflects research‐related networking activities. The effect of direct giving on innovation is more pronounced in more opaque firms and more innovative and competitive industries. These findings provide evidence of the distinct motives by which firms choose between direct giving and foundation giving. Our study suggests that firms can use direct philanthropy to expand firm‐boundaries by developing innovation with research partners.     

基于幂函数模型预估等截面抗拔桩单桩极限承载力的试验研究

本文运用幂函数数学模型对抗拔桩Q-S曲线进行模拟,得出可以用来预估抗拔桩的极限承载力的Q-S曲线的幂函数模型,且通过工程实例验证该方法是可行的。