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1.
Vladimir Gligorov 《Constitutional Political Economy》1997,8(4):271-282
The paper discusses the constitutional theories of BenjaminConstant and Carl Schmitt on the role of sovereign power. Itthan discusses the Russian 1993 constitution to show that inthis respect it is closer to Schmitt's ideas rather than Constant's.Finally, the understanding of the role of supreme power in thecurrent Russian transformation by the Western advisers is criticisedand some speculative thoughts on Russia perception of authorityare offered. 相似文献
2.
Conclusions Up to now, specific historical development is reflected in ideological views predominant in the USSR. Many people continue to place their hopes mainly in the activity of the bodies of state power and administration, not in private initiative. An interrelated implementation of political and economic reforms will contribute to the development of new theory and ideology. It will then be possible to combine a pragmatic and theoretical approach, and to accelerate the reform of the Soviet economy [theoretical, practical and historical aspects connected with the problem of property are considered in more detail by the author in his bookEconomics and the Law soon to be published by the Economics publishing house in Moscow]. 相似文献
3.
To study the optimal age-specific labor demand and human capital investment at the firm level we extend the standard dynamic labor demand model by introducing ‘age’ as a second dynamic variable and distinguish between two types of workers: ‘low skilled’ and ‘high skilled’. Applying an age-structured optimal control model we derive qualitative features of the optimal age-specific hiring and training effort. For the case of a linear revenue and production function we prove that firms do not anticipate changes in adjustment costs in their optimal decisions. This result no longer holds if a nonlinear revenue or production function is considered. 相似文献
4.
Dynamic Insurance Contracts and Adverse Selection 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We take a dynamic perspective on insurance markets under adverse selection and study a dynamic version of the Rothschild and Stiglitz model. We investigate the nature of dynamic insurance contracts by considering both conditional and unconditional dynamic contracts. An unconditional dynamic contract has insurance companies offering contracts where the terms of the contract depend on time, but not on the occurrence of past accidents. Conditional dynamic contracts make the actual contract also depend on individual past performance (such as in car insurances). We show that dynamic insurance contracts yield a welfare improvement only if they are conditional on past performance. With conditional contracts, the first‐best can be approximated if the contract lasts long. Moreover, this is true for any fraction of low‐risk agents in the population. 相似文献
5.
The question of tank failure is addressed for both cryogenic (LFG) and atmospheric (Crude Oil) designs. An analysis of the consequences of an assumed axisymmetric mode of failure of a liquid storage tank is presented in an effort to answer the question. 相似文献
6.
Russian agriculture is one of the industries operating in the unstable economic situation in a developing market taking into account risks of the world economy, economic, political, and climatic factors. The role of agriculture is to provide people's needs for food, significant effects on employment, the efficiency of domestic production, and way of life in rural areas by obligatory preserving food security in Russia. One of the major tasks for agriculture is the development of innovations and investments aimed at improving the competitiveness of the domestic agricultural sector. Russia's membership in the WTO since 2012 is getting a particular importance in the innovation and investment support of agriculture. The strategy of innovative development of the Russian Federation until 2020 "Innovative Russia--2020" assumes three possible options for innovative development: inertial (directed on imports), catch-up development and a local technological competitiveness and a variant of achieving leadership in leading scientific and technical sectors, and fundamental research. A positive point is that the strategy provides an algorithm of state support of the innovation cycle. The innovation cycle is the process associated with the sequence of innovation transformations (scientific or business ideas) in products, technology, business process and launches it on the market for commercial use. A positively developing regional aspect is of great importance. 相似文献
7.
Summary. This paper presents a model of a Walrasian exchange economy in which the preferences and endowments of the agents are random.
Stochastic interaction among the agents is formally described in terms of dependency neighborhoods. The main result is a characterization
of the distribution of market-clearing prices in a large economy.
Received: April 23, 1999; revised version: May 6, 1999 相似文献
8.
Yaman Omer Erzurumlu Vladimir Kotomin 《The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance》2010,50(1):61-66
The federal funds market is highly competitive, has uniform information, and does not have most order-processing cost components of equity markets. Hence, it provides an opportunity to study the effect of inventory management on the bid-ask spread in an isolated fashion. Using a unique data set of daily borrowing and lending federal funds quotes posted by a large commercial bank, we find that the bank maintains a fairly constant bid-ask spread throughout a two-week reserve maintenance period. It acts similarly to a market maker facilitating flow of funds between depository institutions throughout the reserve maintenance period. The bank becomes more active toward the end of the period. In particular, on settlement Wednesday it increases the bid and ask quotes relative to the effective federal funds rate in an apparent attempt to manage its reserve inventory and satisfy its own reserve requirements. 相似文献
9.
Give Macroeconomic Stability and Growth in Russia a Chance 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper identifies and investigates conceptual and empirical links among Russia's disappointing growth performance of the mid-1990s, its costly and eventually unsuccessful stabilization, the macroeconomic meltdown of 1998 and the spectacular rise of non-payments. Non-payments developed into a system that flourished in an atmosphere of fundamental inconsistency between a macroeconomic policy geared at sharp disinflation and a microeconomic policy of bailing-out enterprises through soft budget constraints. It embodies a large volume of untargeted, implicit subsidies in the order of 7–10 per cent of GDP, which has stifled growth, contributed to the 1998 meltdown through its impact on public debt and made at best a questionable contribution to equity. The overwhelming priority at this point is to dismantle this system, thereby promoting enterprise restructuring and growth (by hardening budget constraints) and medium-term macroeconomic stability (by reducing the size of the subsidies). 相似文献
10.
In this paper, we demonstrate that many stochastic volatility models have the undesirable property that moments of order higher
than 1 can become infinite in finite time. As arbitrage-free price computation for a number of important fixed income products
involves forming expectations of functions with super-linear growth, such lack of moment stability is of significant practical
importance. For instance, we demonstrate that reasonably parametrized models can produce infinite prices for Eurodollar futures
and for swaps with floating legs paying either Libor-in-arrears or a constant maturity swap rate. We systematically examine
the moment explosion property across a spectrum of stochastic volatility models. We show that lognormal and displaced-diffusion
type models are easily prone to moment explosions, whereas CEV-type models (including the so-called SABR model) are not. Related
properties such as the failure of the martingale property are also considered.
Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available for this article at and is accessible for authorized users. 相似文献
Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available for this article at and is accessible for authorized users. 相似文献