定价策略迷失：不只是简单降价

在经济低迷时期，由于需求下降、产能过剩和价格敏感度提高，各种因素都在共同推动产品价格走低，降价已经成了很多企业应对低迷的杀手锏。     

Data Science,Predictive Analytics,and Big Data in Supply Chain Management: Current State and Future Potential

While data science, predictive analytics, and big data have been frequently used buzzwords, rigorous academic investigations into these areas are just emerging. In this forward thinking article, we discuss the results of a recent large‐scale survey on these topics among supply chain management (SCM) professionals, complemented with our experiences in developing, implementing, and administering one of the first master's degree programs in predictive analytics. As such, we effectively provide an assessment of the current state of the field via a large‐scale survey, and offer insight into its future potential via the discussion of how a research university is training next‐generation data scientists. Specifically, we report on the current use of predictive analytics in SCM and the underlying motivations, as well as perceived benefits and barriers. In addition, we highlight skills desired for successful data scientists, and provide illustrations of how predictive analytics can be implemented in the curriculum. Relying on one of the largest data sets of predictive analytics users in SCM collected to date and our experiences with one of the first master's degree programs in predictive analytics, it is our intent to provide a timely assessment of the field, illustrate its future potential, and motivate additional research and pedagogical advancements in this domain.     

The influence of director stock ownership and board discussion transparency on financial reporting quality

Seventy-two active corporate directors participate in an experiment where management insists on aggressive recognition of revenue, but the chief audit executive proposes a more conservative approach. Results indicate interactive effects of director stock ownership and the transparency of director decisions. Stock-owning directors are more likely to oppose management’s attempts to manage earnings when transparency increases. For non-stock owning directors, however, increasing transparency does not affect the likelihood that directors oppose management’s attempts to manage earnings. The current study challenges suppositions that equate director stock ownership with improved financial reporting and higher corporate governance quality, and it provides evidence that increased transparency is beneficial when director compensation plans threaten director independence.     

What a nuisance: Controlling for negative affectivity versus personality in hospitality stress research

One stream of dispositional stress research examines the role negative affectivity (NA) plays in the stressor–strain relationship, with most research showing NA is a nuisance factor – spuriously inflating stressor–strain associations. Personality is not unidimensional, though, and measuring a single construct may be inadequate. This study reexamines the impact NA has in the hospitality context, and the role played by NA when all five global dimensions of personality – the Big Five – are included. Variance reduction rates revealed that (a) NA is a “nuisance factor,” and (b) the Big Five have differential effects – either inflationary or deflationary – depending upon the stressor–strain relationship examined.     

THE ROLE OF SECURITY IN THE FOOD SUPPLIER SELECTION DECISION

This research assesses whether, and under what conditions, firms are willing to trade off price and delivery reliability for greater supplier security. Specifically, international sourcing and concern over security incidents occurring at the respondent's firm are proposed as conditions that may increase demand for supplier security. This research suggests to managers the trade offs their customers may be willing to accept for increased security. The results are useful for firms evaluating whether they should invest in supply chain security measures. Results provide academic insight into the relative importance of security as a supplier selection criterion.     

Hispanic Immigrant Entrepreneurs in the Las Vegas Metropolitan Area: Motivations for Entry into and Outcomes of Self‐Employment*

This study examined business ownership among foreign‐born Hispanic entrepreneurs. Through semistructured face‐to‐face interviews, the researchers examined motivations to enter business ownership as well as different business practices and the possible relationship between these practices and viability. It appears that in the Las Vegas metropolitan area, pull factors have a stronger impact on entrepreneurship than do push factors, drawing individuals into entrepreneurship. In addition, the importance of preparing a business plan and investing in advertising for business viability is identified.     

Wellness in business education: The convergence of theory,practice, and lifestyle

The authors provide an initial integrative framework for understanding the large, diverse, and growing domain of wellness literature related to business education. The terminology, research, and typical outcome measures of three key perspectives—individual, organizational, and societal—are presented. In addition, current applications of wellness concepts in business education programs and courses are reviewed. The foundation and guidance needed for understanding the importance of and structure for teaching and researching wellness in business education are provided, as are specific conclusions and recommendations for the development of the field.     

An innovative global management staffing system: A competency‐based perspective

Significant demands are imposed on corporate management of multinational corporations (MNCs) to develop a strategic orientation of their global human resource management systems (SGHRM). This strategic orientation, which should balance the need for both global stability and local flexibility, necessitates a more pronounced multicultural management membership. The competency‐ based SGHRM system proposed in this paper combines an innovative global management staffing practice of inpatriating foreign managers with the extant practice of expatriating domestic managers. The competency‐based criteria are used to identify global manager candidate pools capable of executing an integrated global management system © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Sustainability to support end-to-end value chains: the role of supply chain management

Many firms are increasing their focus on sustainability. However, this focus has primarily emphasized environmentalism and ethics. Enterprise value chains must develop and support a broader sustainability perspective to ensure that its consumer, business, supply chain, community and environmental relationships and interactions remain viable. Using public documents and Internet sites of major global firms, this article suggests a framework to define the dimensions of sustainability and the categories of initiatives within each dimension. The article then offers examples regarding how major firms are implementing each sustainability dimension to enhance their competitiveness. Building on the framework, the article illustrates the sustainability initiatives applied by different categories of sustainability leaders.     

Metaphor and pedagogy in the design practicum

This paper discusses the ways in which the long-established tradition of the design ‘practicum’ continues to structure teaching and learning in undergraduate programmes. It draws on an in-depth empirical study of one degree course in graphic design and accompanying research in a small number of professional graphic design studios; this dual focus enables identification of shared practices and discourses across the two contexts. Examination of its distinctive modes of teaching and learning indicates the effectiveness of practicum pedagogy in promoting design understanding and the professional preparation of students. The study’s insights into the design classroom are illuminated by situated theories of learning, particularly the idea that knowing equates to participation in the specialist knowledge community of graphic design. A key feature of the learning situation is identified as the practicum discourse shared by tutors and learners, which is characterized as metaphor-based rather than analytical and abstract. The strengths and limitations of this practice-oriented discourse are discussed in the light of the recognized difficulties in articulating art and design knowledge, and its consequent problematic status in the academy. The paper’s focus on metaphorical discourse offers a different view of design pedagogy, and suggests a means of researching it that may also be relevant to other practice-oriented domains.