Wie die Materialengpässe den Arbeitsmarkt treffen

Wirtschaftsdienst - Although industrial production in Germany picked up again significantly with the recovery from the Corona crisis, supply bottlenecks for raw materials and intermediate products...     

Pahl and Lojkine on the state: a comment

La relation entre i'état et le développement social peut entre analysée à partir de trois niveaux interconnectés:

• 1 Au niveau de la théorie et de la méthodologie. C'est ce que font Lojkine et Pahl.
• 2 A un niveau général, mais concernant des types théoriquement differenciés d'organisations sociales (c'est à dire, sociétés capitalistes avancées, sociététés socialistes. etc.). C'est le niveau qui concerne cet auteur le plus.
• 3 Au niveau d'une société donnée, durant une période historique déterminéee. C'est à ce niveau que les autres travaux de Lojkine ont été faits.

La critique faite par Pahl des perspectives marxistes est rejetés comme étant superficielle, par contre il est reconnu que i'?uvre de Poulantzas manque de perspective historique et dialectique. Mais i'analyse marxiste des institutions politiques dépend d'une interprétation correcte de la relation entre structure et superstructure, et ce point est développé par i'auteur. Une critique est faite des théories élitistes et historicistes. La typologie historiciste de Runciman est considérée comme étant inadéquate, car elle ne peut ětre appliquée à la réalité historique, et en dernier lieu, ne peut expliquer pourquoi les relations état-société montrent tant de variations. Les définitions marxistes de i'état sont insuffisantes et ont besoin d'ětre dévéloppées. A propos, les travaux de Lojkine et de Poulantzas sont critiqués comme étant réductivistes et non-dialectiques. La question des origines sociales de la démocratie est introduite afin de développer une perspective analytique satisfaisante qui pourrait prendre en compte les faits historiques des révolutions nationales en Europe de l'Ouest, au Japon et aux Etats-Unis. L'accent est mis sur le role de la classe ouvrière, le concept d'hégémonie, l'exercise du pouvoir hégémonique, et plus précisement quand la classe hégémonique n'est pas dominante. Une bonne analyse marxiste des relations état-société doit pouvoir envisager les tendences et les conditions actuelles de l'accumulation du capital, en conjonction avec les intérěts des groupes monopolistes. Cet essai fini par une brěve discussion des tendences actuelles dans ces domaines.     

Once NEET,always NEET? A synthetic panel approach to analyze the Moroccan labor market

In many regions of the world, the persistent, and growing, proportion of young people who are currently Not in Employment, Education or Training—a group increasingly referred to as NEET—is of global concern. This is no less true of Morocco: about 30% of the Moroccan population between age 15 and 24 are currently NEET. Drawing from various rounds of Moroccan Labor Force Surveys, this paper contributes to understanding the complex dynamics of labor markets in developing countries. First, it identifies the socioeconomic determinants of Morocco's NEETs. Second, employing a synthetic panel (SP) methodology in the context of labor market analysis, the paper describes how the condition of NEETs changes over time. One striking, and worrisome, pattern that emerges from the 2010 SP data is that, even after 8 years, a majority of the NEETs remained outside either the labor market or education, with very little chance of moving out of their situation. Their chronic stagnancy confirms the powerful effect that initial conditions have on determining young people's future outcomes. It also highlights the absence of corrective mechanisms and policy interventions within the Moroccan political economy landscape that could help to change NEETs' outcomes along the line.     

Foreign and domestic growth drivers in Eastern Europe

This paper analyses the growth effects of capital formation, exports and FDI as major, drivers of economic development in Eastern Europe. The fundamental innovations are, identified by empirically and theoretically motivated short- and long-run restrictions in, structural cointegrated vector autoregressions. Impulse responses and variance, decompositions reveal quite different growth effects in various Eastern European countries. Generally, a strong reliance on exports goes along with higher GDP, and FDI bears, substantial potential for fostering economic growth. It is shown that the recent worldwide, recession clearly hit Eastern Europe through the export channel, whereas the recovery is, mainly supported by positive demand shocks.     

The crisis,the corporations and the state

Book reviewed in this article: O'Connor, J. 1973: The fiscal crisis of the state. O'Connor, J. 1974: The corporations and the state.     

Inter‐firm R&D collaborations and green innovation value: The role of family firms' involvement and the moderating effects of proximity dimensions

The present paper investigates the relationship between the involvement of family firms in R&D collaborations aimed at developing green solutions and the value of resulting innovations. To dig into this relationship, the moderating effects of two proximity dimensions (i.e., geographical distance and technological relatedness) are also assessed. Analyses are based on a sample of 156 joint patents classified into the “Alternative energy production” field, as defined by the International Patent Classification Green Inventory and successfully filed at the United States Patent and Trademark Office in the period 1997–2010 by publicly listed companies. According to our conjectures, results reveal a positive relationship between the involvement of family firms and green innovation value. Moreover, our findings show that this relationship is hindered when partners are geographically distant or technologically proximate. Eventually, we contribute to the literature on green innovation by unveiling under which conditions inter‐firm R&D collaborations lead to more valuable innovations.