Auctioning the Airwaves: The Contest for Broadband pcs Spectrum

The House and Senate of the United States Congress recently passed legislation that directs the FCC to establish a system for using auctions to allocate the use of radio spectrum for personal communications services. There is a unique and unprecedented set of issues that arise in this context, which are of interest to economists, industry analysts, regulators, and policymakers. We discuss these issues and evaluate their likely impact on the outcome of the spectrum auctions. In addition, we argue that there may be pitfalls in the auction procedure adopted by the FCC, and we discuss possible alternative procedures.     

Faddists,Enthusiasts and Canadian Divas: Broadcasting Quotas and the Supply Response

This paper constructs a model of the recorded music market to investigate the consequences of local content requirements in broadcasting for the “internationalization” of domestic music. It models the entry decisions of bands, the contracting decisions of record companies, the airplay decisions of radio stations and the radio listening and recording purchasing decisions of consumers. The paper shows that a local content quota leads, perversely, to the increased internationalization of domestic music. A quota that also requires increased broadcasting of “new” music yields an additional welfare loss but does nothing to a record company's incentives to sign up new bands.     

Endogenous Games and Mechanisms: Side Payments Among Players

We characterize the outcomes of games when players may make binding offers of strategy contingent side payments before the game is played. This does not always lead to efficient outcomes, despite complete information and costless contracting. The characterizations are illustrated in a series of examples, including voluntary contribution public good games, Cournot and Bertrand oligopoly, principal–agent problems, and commons games, among others.     

社会硅谷:社会创新的发生与发展

社会创新是为满足社会需求而进行的创造性行动和服务。近年来,随着人口老龄化、环境污染、酗酒等社会问题的日益严重,社会创新已迫在眉睫。尽管社会创新时有发生,但较之于商业和科技创新,人们对这方面的研究却较少。本文紧紧围绕社会创新的概念、发展简史、动力和过程等展开讨论,并把组合各种资源和能量以推动社会创新的机构喻为“社会硅谷”。     

Individual stability in Delphi studies

This article carries forward the work discussed in a recent article in this journal by Dajani, Sincoff, and Talley (Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change 13, 83, 1979) by investigating individual stability as opposed to group stability for successive Delphi rounds. It is demonstrated that individual stability implies group stability but that the converse does not hold. A χ² test is proposed for testing the stability of individual responses between consecutive Delphi rounds. Also, an estimation procedure is presented for measuring the extent of individual stability.     

China’s Anti-Monopoly Law: What is the Welfare Standard?

China??s Anti-Monopoly Law (AML) sets forth the country??s antitrust enforcement policies. We investigate the welfare standard that the AML seeks to maximize by examining both its stated language and, via revealed preference, the antitrust actions taken by the Anti-Monopoly Enforcement Authority.     

Rules of evidence and liability in contract litigation: The efficiency of the General Dynamics rule

We examine rules of evidence and liability in contract litigation. When a contractor fails to perform, it has a legal defense that the buyer withheld private information relevant to the performance of the contract. Suppose the buyer claims that admitting evidence for the defense would compromise a valuable secret, for example, a state secret, what should the legal rule be? We show that the evidentiary rules introduced by the Supreme Court in General Dynamics v. U.S. lead to a more efficient outcome than either a strict liability rule or an evidentiary rule requiring the disclosure of the buyer's private information.     

The existence of double jeopardy within the order of entry effect

Order of entry research has stressed the importance of a superior marketing mix effort relative to the pioneer if a late entrant is to overcome the order of entry effect. Several researchers have argued, but have not demonstrated, that a superior marketing mix effort may even help a late entrant avoid the order of entry effect. If this is proven to be the case, a double jeopardy trend may exist in that late entrants that have a superior (inferior) marketing mix effort not only gain (lose) market share through the effects of this superiority, they also avoid (incur) the market share penalty associated with their entry position. Consumer scanner data from 24 categories were used to demonstrate the existence of a double jeopardy trend within the order of entry effect in that a late entrant’s market share benefits twice from a superior marketing mix effort and is punished twice for an inferior effort.