Nurses leading the response to the crisis of palliative care for vulnerable populations

All nurses are prepared to be generalists in palliative care. Within the discipline there are nurses who seek advanced educational preparation and develop clinical expertise in palliative care nursing. These are our leaders in palliative care nursing who can exert influence in all health care settings to support nurses providing palliative care. It is nurses and advanced practice nurses in partnership who are capable of developing and advocating for palliative care across settings. The focus of care is the person, not the diagnosis or the setting. The viewpoint that "all nursing care is palliative care" can transform health care with nurses taking the lead.     

International trade and economic convergence: the credit channel

In this paper, we examine a particular mechanism by which internationaltrade accelerates economic convergence. We develop a model ofgrowth under credit constraints in which international tradeexpands access to credit. We show in numerical simulations thatreasonable values for openness generate convergence rates thatmatch well the empirical estimates. We econometrically investigatea key prediction of the model - that more open economies exhibitgreater debt to output ratios - and find substantial supportin the data for this claim. This remains true even when we controlfor a host of additional factors and conduct robustness checks.