Parental Income and Continuing Education of Second Generation Immigrants in Sweden

Understanding the economic integration of minority ethnic communities requires an analysis of the educational process. This paper examines second‐generation immigrant youths’ educational attainments in comparison with those of similarly aged native Swedes. Binomial‐logit, grouped‐regression and multinomial‐logit models are applied to longitudinal data, 1991–1996. The results give evidence for socioeconomic determinants of post‐compulsory education and for parental influence on educational choices. Parental income affects second‐generation immigrants’ post‐compulsory education and Swedes’ choice of level of education. In general, the stronger the labour market positions of the parents, the higher the probability of the children continuing education. It is also found that the geographical origin of second‐generation immigrants matter, with youths of Asian origin having a higher probability of continuing their education. We suggest policy changes on different levels based on the evidence of the paper, as short‐run, long‐run and in general.     

Who leaves after entering the primary sector? Evidence from Swedish micro-level data

Using 14 waves of panel data, this paper investigates why employeesentering the primary sector exit subsequently. Transition probabilitiesare explained by a rich set of individual, regional and sectoralcharacteristics and a discrete-time competing risks model withunrestricted base-line hazards is used to distinguish betweenexits into a job in other sectors and other exits. The resultsconfirm Jovanovic's suggestion of ‘survival of the fittestmatches’ as workers and firms learn more about the qualityof the match between them. It is found that agricultural education,higher income and sector wage differences are the main determinantsof the hazard of moving to another sector, whereas marriageand higher education lower the hazard of leaving for non-employment.     

The geopolitics of international trade in Southeast Asia

Review of World Economics - Motivated by the historically tense geopolitical situation in Southeast Asia, the paper simulates the potential closure of key maritime waterways in the region...     

Early labour-market experiences of second-generation immigrants in Sweden

This article investigates second generation immigrant's early labour-market performances in Sweden. To study their labour-market success we estimate dynamic transition rate models–Cox type proportional hazards, in a competing risk framework using register based panel-data set. Our results reveal that parental resources affect not only second-generation immigrants’ continuing education but also their later labour-market success. The study verifies that finding a job is difficult for second-generation immigrants and the significant unobserved-heterogeneity parameter estimate may indicate discrimination. As a whole, second-generation immigrants have worse labour-market performances compared to their native-born counterparts.     

Convergence Analysis of the Structure of Social Protection Financing

Expenditure on social protection in the European Union (EU) member states has been increasing rapidly over the last decade. To cover the increasing expenses, the countries need to find ways to increase revenues. Social protection financing systems and structure of financing vary across countries, but all of them use mainly two sources for financing: general government contributions and social tax revenue. The aim of this paper is to study the development of the structure of social protection financing at the main contributor level over the last decade, defining the trends that characterize the changes. We concentrate on convergence analysis of the structure of social protection financing, which is an important but, so far, insufficiently studied issue.This paper was presented at the 57th IAES Conference in Lisbon, March 10–14, 2004. The authors would like to thank the discussants in that session for their helpful suggestions. This paper was prepared with the support of the Estonian Science Foundation research grant. We wish to thank Reet Maldre for the assistance