Fotografías de las generaciones jóvenes en el mercado laboral neerlandés

Ante el declive generalizado de la relación de trabajo estándar y sus efectos particulares en los jóvenes, se examinan aquí en detalle las trayectorias laborales de los trabajadores al inicio de su carrera en los Países Bajos entre 1985 y 2015 mediante el enfoque del análisis secuencial del ciclo vital. Tras calcular dos indicadores de inestabilidad (índices de entropía y de turbulencia), se observa que las cohortes que iniciaron su vida activa después de 2000 y, en particular, 2008 experimentan mayor inestabilidad laboral a pesar de las políticas de flexiseguridad aplicadas. Las transiciones hacia el empleo estable son la excepción al final del periodo estudiado.     

Anonymity in the dictator game revisited

Giving in the dictator game has often been interpreted as evidence of other-regarding preferences. We suspect that giving is determined by subjects’ attempts to appear fair in the eyes of recipients and the experimenter. Therefore, we investigate behavior in the dictator game by using the randomized response technique to increase anonymity. Overall, 290 subjects participated in two experiments. The results demonstrate that the randomized response technique reduces giving to negligible amounts compared to the standard double blind condition. Thus, our results suggest that individuals closely follow egoistic motives in the dictator game when anonymity is convincingly implemented.     

Optimizing service-level and relevant cost for a stochastic multi-item cyclic production system

A multi-item make-to-order production system in a stochastic environment is analyzed. Assuming a common cycle production approach, the impact of safety stock, cycle time, demand, processing time and setup time on service-level and total relevant cost (holding, setup and backorder cost) is determined. To illustrate this relationship a trajectory for the service-level with respect to the relevant cost (holding and setup) is presented. Furthermore algorithms to calculate the cycle time which leads to maximum service-level at constant safety stock and to calculate the pair cycle time and safety stock which minimize total relevant cost are introduced.     

Dual-track Ownership Reforms: Lessons from Structural Change in China, 1978‐1997

The dual-track approach is characteristic of evolutionary reforms in China. The most important aspect of this dualism has been the reform of the ownership structure. On the one track, new, basically market-oriented institutions emerged in a parallel economy comprising non-state enterprises. On the other track, stateowned enterprises were retained and reforms were restricted to conservative policy changes bringing minor productivity-enhancing measures. In order to highlight the performance of the two tracks, a widely neglected indicator is employed to check the performance of enterprises: namely a structural comparison of the resource reallocation processes of both tracks over time. It becomes clear that structural adjustment was basically generated by the new track. In addition, it is shown that the increasing competition from the new track will not accelerate structural adjustment of the old track as long as institutional reforms of SOEs are not significantly extended.     

Einflussnahme und Mitwirkung von Organisationseinheiten im Multiprojektmanagement

Zusammenfassung Strategische Vorhaben werden zunehmend in Form von Projekten umgesetzt. Daher ist aus Sicht der Unternehmensführung ein besonderes Augenmerk auf die Auswahl, Bewertung und Kontrolle dieser strategischen Projekte zu legen. Es wird die Bildung von Projektportfolios empfohlen, um die Steuerungskomplexit?t zu verringern. Aus konzeptioneller Sicht ist das Multiprojektmanagement für die Lenkung dieser Projektportfolios verantwortlich. In der Literatur werden dabei unterschiedliche Organisationseinheiten diskutiert, die typischerweise im Multiprojektmanagement involviert sind. Die Erkenntnisse einer empirischen Untersuchung zum Einfluss bzw. zur Mitwirkung dieser Organisationseinheiten in 75 deutschen Gro?unternehmen zeigen, dass je nach Aufgabengebiet sowohl die Unternehmensleitung als auch Portfolio-Boards und Multiprojektmanager in hohem Ma?e beteiligt sind.

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Exertion of influence and involvement of organisational units in Multi-Project-Management

Summary Strategic intentions are increasingly transferred into action in the form of projects. Because of this the corporate management has to pay attention particularly to the selection, the valuation and the control of these strategic projects. To decrease the complexity of steering, it is recommended to establish portfolios of projects. Seen from a conceptual perspective the multi-project-management is responsible for guidance of these project-portfolios. In this context literature discusses several organisational units which are typically involved in multi-project-management. The results of an empirical study in 75 German large-scale enterprises concerning the exertion of influence and involvement of organisational units in multi-project-management suggest that depending on the assignment corporate management as well as portfolio-boards and multi-project-managers are involved to a high degree.