Three generations of Telework: New ICTs and the (R)evolution from Home Office to Virtual Office

‘New ICTs’, such as smartphones and tablet computers, have revolutionised work and life in the 21st Century. Crucial to this development is the detachment of work from traditional office spaces. Today's office work is often supported by Internet connections, and thus can be done from anywhere at any time. Research on detachment of work from the employer's premises actually dates back to the previous century. In the 1970s and 1980s, Jack Nilles and Allan Toffler predicted that work of the future would be relocated into or nearby employees’ homes with the help of technology, called ‘Telework’. Analysing technological advancements—the enabling forces of change in this context—over four decades sheds new light on this term: they have fostered the evolution of Telework in distinct stages or ‘generations’. Today's various location‐independent, technology‐enabled new ways of working are all part of the same revolution in the inter‐relationship between paid work and personal life.     

采购绩效评价与评价内容分析

在一个高度全球化和高度竞争的环境下,想要保持企业的高效率运作,保证企业的持续经营,对企业运行的各个方面进行评价是不可或缺的。采购绩效评估,主要是评价采购部门、采购管理人员和专业经理,并衡量目前采购环节的营运效率和采购供应功能的极小差异,以及预算或预测绩效的差异。适当的绩效评估的建立,可以帮助企业管理和公司资源集中在关键领域,它是加强沟通与经营管理的基础。     

Developing competence in retailing: strategic advantages

Since the late 1980s, the UK Government has invested significant levels of funding in the development of national competence-based qualifications in an attempt to improve skill levels and therefore international competitiveness. The paper provides an overview of the progress which has been made by the UK retailing industry and presents the implementation experiences of five major retail companies. The paper concludes with an analysis of the strategic implications.