FDI技术溢出渠道与中国制造业生产率增长研究:基于面板数据的分析

本文使用基于DEA的Malmquist指数方法分析了中国制造业全要素生产率(TFP)及其分解变量技术进步和技术效率的变化规律;利用制造业内资部门2000~2005年的行业层面板数据,在控制了研发和出口交货值两个变量的基础上,考察了FDI水平关联和前、后关联对全要素生产率及其分解变量的影响。我们发现研发与出口交货值对生产率存在正的影响,FDI总体上对内资企业产生了正向技术溢出效应,而且更多地是由后向关联促进技术进步带来的;前向关联没有产生技术溢出效应;水平关联与前、后向关联技术溢出的实现方式不同,主要通过技术效率渠道促进全要素生产率的提高。分组回归结果表明,FDI技术溢出渠道在技术水平、行业集中度与出口依存度等行业分组指标下存在明显不同的传导机制。     

FDI技术溢出渠道与中国制造业生产率增长研究:基于面板数据的分析

This paper analyses total factor productivity (TFP) of China’s manufacturing sector and its decomposed indexes, i.e., technological progress and technological efficiency by employing Malmquist productivity index based on the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach. Using panel data of domestic manufacturing sector in China from 2000 to 2005, we estimate the influences of horizontal and vertical linkages on TFP and its decomposition indexes by controlling R&D and exports indexes of domestic manufacturing sector. The empirical results show that R&D and exports have a positive effect on TFP and that FDI inflows lead to positive spillovers significantly in general mainly through technological progress resulting from backward linkages; however, forward linkages have no technology spillover effect while horizontal linkages promote TFP through technological efficiency which has quite different influencing modes compared to that of backward and forward linkages. The grouping regression results also show that FDI technology spillovers have different conductive mechanisms under different technological levels, industry concentrations and export dependency indexes. Translated and Revised from Shijie Jingji 世界经济 (The Journal of World Economy), 2008, (8): 20–31     

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