国有风险资本与企业融资约束: 如愿以偿还是事与愿违?

我国国有风险资本是否实现了设立之初的目标,即是否纾解了企业融资困难呢?文章基于上市企业微观数据和手动采集的国有风险资本数据对此进行了系统研究.实证结果稳健地显示,国有风险资本可有效缓解企业后续融资约束,我国政府参与风险投资活动是有效的.进一步地,高持股比例、多联合投资、高政治层级的国有风险资本对受资助企业融资约束的缓解作用更强;且国有风险资本对经济欠发达、低制度质量环境下的企业、面临高环境不确定性和高竞争程度企业、民营企业、成长期与动荡期企业能产生更大的影响.机制检验表明,国有风险资本既能通过认证作用显著降低企业信息不对称程度,又能发挥政治关联的资源效应,包括显著促进银企关系和企业的商业信贷获取能力,并提升企业获得政府补贴的水平,从而减轻企业资金负担,缓解其融资约束.经济后果分析表明,国有风险资本能显著降低企业外部融资的股权资金成本和债务资金成本,帮助改善企业融资贵的难题,而且国有风险资本有助于企业在创新和经营方面的良性发展.但国有风险资本并未起到有效监督作用,不能缓解企业代理问题,尤其是会导致第一类代理成本的明显提高,而高管薪酬提升是其中的重要原因.据此,文章认为在未来的国有风险资本发展中,要把握"政府角色"介入的尺度,完善国有风险资本对企业的监督管理机制.同时适当兼顾各地区发展不平衡的情况,对中西部地区的国有风险资本发展提供适当且必要的帮助,以促进国有风险资本在新时期的长足发展.     

人工智能推动了产业结构转型升级吗——基于中国工业机器人数据的实证检验

在人工智能成为新科技革命的核心驱动力的背景下,智能化生产作为制造业创新的重要方式,为地区产业结构转型升级提供了契机.本研究基于2006-2018年省级面板数据考察人工智能发展对中国产业结构转型的影响.研究发现,人工智能发展对产业结构高级化水平和合理化水平具有促进效应;产业结构升级效应在区域层面体现在中部和东部地区,在时间维度上体现在德国"工业4.0"概念提出后,而在产业领域上体现在高技术制造业、装备制造业、生产性服务业、高端服务业等产业;机制检验发现,人工智能可以提升整体经济生产率并且创造新兴产业就业岗位,从而促进产业结构转型升级.     

创新型城市试点的创新集聚效应分析：一项准自然实验

创新型城市试点是建设创新型国家、加强区域创新体系建设的重要途径，也是推动城市创新集聚的积极探索。基于2003—2018年地级市面板数据，运用多时点DID模型全面检验创新型城市试点的创新集聚效应与作用机制。结果表明，创新型城市试点政策显著提升城市创新集聚水平；试点政策对中、西部地区和大、中型城市创新集聚的促进作用更为显著。机制分析表明，试点政策通过匹配机会、创新公共设施共享及隐性知识溢出，对城市创新集聚产生正向中介效应，通过匹配质量和劳动力市场共享机制产生负向中介效应。     

Sentiment-scaled CAPM and market mispricing

This study explores the conditional version of the capital asset pricing model on sentiment to provide a behavioural intuition behind the value premium and market mispricing. We find betas (β) and the market risk premium to vary over time across different sentiment indices and portfolios. More importantly, the state β derived from this sentiment-scaled model provides a behavioural explanation of the value premium and a set of anomalies driven by mispricing. Different from the static β–return relation that gives a flat security market line, we document upward security market lines when plotting portfolio returns against their state βs and portfolios with higher state βs earn higher returns.     

“三权分置”下的农地流转主体:激励约束、利益冲突与行动策略

农地"三权分置"让经营权独立出来上市流转,需要关注的是农地流转主体的最终行动策略。通过大量的实地调研与理论思辨发现,农地"三权分置"下的制度供给对流转双方的激励约束各不相同,双方基于不同利益考量就会出现利益冲突。面临这些利益冲突,农地流转双方也就有不同的行动策略。未来,制度供给要满足流转双方对确定性预期的需求,建立对流转主体双方具有约束力的制度:引导合作博弈、实行农地功能分区以及集体集中成片流转经营权等。     

偏光显微镜法在空气粉尘中石棉纤维鉴别中的应用

本文采用偏光显微镜法鉴别空气粉尘中的微量石棉纤维。经滤膜收集的粉尘样品通过高温灰化及酸洗过程去除大部分干扰物质,经乙醇分散后均匀沉积在玻璃片上,滴加具有固定折射率的浸油制成试片。在正交偏光系统下观察到粉体中存在纤维状颗粒,且纤维呈现四次平行消光特性,比对6种常见石棉的偏光显微镜图,综合分析试样粉尘的光学性质,推断样品中含有温石棉。     

财政政策对军民融合企业创新绩效的影响——创新投入的中介效应分析

我国军民融合战略的提出旨在促进科技创新和经济效率提升,保障国防和国家安全。基于2008—2019年我国(内地)276家上市军民融合企业面板数据，运用当期、滞后期多元回归模型和中介效应模型，实证探究财政政策对军民融合企业创新绩效的影响机制。结果表明：财政补助对企业当期创新绩效以及滞后期创新科技绩效起显著促进作用，对滞后期创新经济绩效没有显著影响；税收优惠对企业当期和滞后期创新绩效均具有显著促进作用；创新投入对当期及滞后期创新绩效均具有显著促进作用，但对滞后期的影响更加显著。创新投入的中介效应在财政补助对当期创新科技绩效和滞后期创新绩效的影响过程中显著，在税收优惠对当期和滞后期创新绩效的影响过程中显著。其中，税收优惠完全通过创新投入对当期创新科技绩效产生正向影响。     

"省直管县"改革促进了县域经济包容性增长吗?

"省直管县"改革是中国推动政府层级改革,经济管理权力下放的积极尝试,是基层政府扩权改革的重要措施.深化"省直管县"体制改革,进一步理顺市县关系,有利于推进国家治理现代化和经济包容性增长.文章采用2005-2018年中国县域数据,基于渐进型双重差分法实证检验"省直管县"改革对县城经济包容性发展的影响作用.结果 表明:(1)"省直管县"改革显著促进了县域经济包容性增长.(2)"省直管县"改革的促进作用主要集中于东部和中部地区、弱市下辖县、非省会城市管辖县和强县,且相较于经济"省直管县"改革,财政"省直管县"改革是推动经济包容性增长的主要因素.(3)"省直管县"改革的促进作用具有空间溢出效应,主要体现在地级市邻近及其内部的县域.(4)"省直管县"改革的促进效应受到财政支出责任和激励性政策的影响,在改革制度中财政支出责任的明确和激励性奖惩政策的设定有助于强化"省直管县"改革的促进作用.(5)机制检验发现,"省直管县"改革通过强化基层财政保障、提升公共偏向水平和促进产业结构升级等渠道推动县域经济包容性增长.文章的研究为深化"省直管县"改革,完善现代化经济体制和实现经济包容性增长提供了经验参考.     

An investigation of the corporate identity construct in China: Managerial evidence from the high technology industry

The study develops and extends existing frameworks of corporate identity and investigates what organisations in China perceive as essential components of the corporate identity concept including their dimensions and contents. The study adopted a qualitative approach and the method of research was a case study. Using the soft-laddering approach, and a multidisciplinary categorisation of analyses of corporate literature and websites, a systematic analysis of the corporate identity was carried out. Different from previous studies, the study reveals new dimensions on the basis of the industry practitioners’ views. The context of China has shown to influence a different focus, more significantly around the ‘impression’ that corporate identity can contribute with commercially. It is suggested that new high-tech firms in China may not have enough experience and capacity to engage in a more holistic corporate identity concept provided. The lack of such experience is particularly likely for new firms, which are still in their early stage of development. Implications for management of corporate identity in China are presented along with directions for further research in the marketing communications literature.     

Antecedents of Green Loyalty in the Cruise Industry: Sustainable Development and Environmental Management

As there is a lack of understanding about cruise travelers' eco‐friendly behaviors and knowledge about eco‐friendly cruises, this study attempted to examine the role of green value, satisfaction, desire, and internal and external normative factors in building passengers' green loyalty for environmentally responsible cruises. A survey methodology and structural equation modeling were utilized to achieve the research purpose. Data quality assessment revealed that all measures for variables included an adequate level of reliability and validity. Results of the structural analysis indicated that our theoretical framework had a sufficient level of anticipation power for loyalty. The proposed associations among study variables were generally supported. The significant indirect influence of green values and social norms on loyalty was identified. Moreover, the magnitude of the total influence of social norms on loyalty was the greatest among the study constructs. Overall, our findings offer valuable and meaningful insights for cruise researchers and practitioners. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment