Benachteiligt die Überalterung der Gesellschaft die Jüngeren?

Generationenbilanzen zeigen, dass die Jüngeren durch die demographische Entwicklung erheblich belastet werden. Was versteht man unter „Generationengerechtigkeit“? Sind Renditevergleiche von sozialen Sicherungssystemen zwischen den Generationen aussagekr?ftig? Welche Folgen hat die Alterung der Bev?lkerung für die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung? Wie werden die politischen Entscheidungen beeinflusst? Sollte ein Generationenvertrag zur Bildung geschlossen werden? Die Autoren unseres Zeitgespr?chs: Prof. Dr. Bernd Raffelhüschen, 49, ist Direktor des Forschungszentrums Generationenvertr?ge und lehrt Volkswirtschaftslehre am Institut für Finanzwissenschaft I an der Albert-Ludwigs-Universit?t Freiburg; J?rg Schoder, 29, Dipl.-Volkswirt, M.A., ist wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter am Forschungszentrum Generationenvertr?ge der Albert-Ludwigs-Universit?t Freiburg. Prof. Dr. Winfried Schm?hl, 64, ist Direktor der Wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Abteilung des Zentrums für Sozialpolitik an der Universit?t Bremen. Er war langj?hriger Vorsitzender des Sozialbeirates der Bundesregierung. Prof. Dr. Birger P. Priddat, 57, ist Inhaber des Lehrstuhls für Politische ?konomie an der Zeppelin University in Friedrichshafen. Prof. Dr. Frank Nullmeier, 49, lehrt Politikwissenschaft und ist Leiter der Abteilung „Theorie und Verfassung des Wohlfahrtsstaates“ am Zentrum für Sozialpolitik an der Universit?t Bremen.     

E-satisfaction: a re-examination

E-satisfaction as a construct has gained increasing importance in the marketing literature in recent times. The examination of consumer satisfaction in an online context follows the growing consensus that in Internet retailing, as in traditional retailing, consumer satisfaction is not only a critical performance outcome, but also a primary predictor of customer loyalty and thus, the Internet retailer's endurance and success. The current study replicates the initial examination of e-satisfaction within the U.S. by [Szymanski, David M., & Richard T. Hise (2000). E-satisfaction: An initial examination. Journal of Retailing, 76(3), 309-322] among a sample of online consumers drawn from Germany. The replication was extended to two contexts—consumer satisfaction with Internet retail shopping and consumer satisfaction with Internet financial services sites. The results yield rich insights into the validity of extending the measurement and predictors of e-satisfaction to a trans-national context.     

Limited Consumer Attention in International Trade

This paper introduces a model of limited consumer attention into an otherwise standard new trade theory model with love‐of‐variety preferences and heterogeneous firms. In this setting, we show that international integration needs not be welfare enhancing if the consumers' capacity to gather and process information is limited. Rather, it intensifies competition for scarce consumer attention, which causes mutual overbidding of producers in their advertising expenditures. The mutual overbidding renders advertising—which is informative in principle—wasteful and diverts purchases to imported goods at an inefficient scale. Wasteful advertising provides scope for policy intervention in the form of an advertising tax. However, if the tax instrument is not allowed to discriminate against foreign producers, it cannot eliminate inefficient diversion of consumer purchases to imports; hence it needs not be successful in securing gains from international integration in this framework.     

Brain Drain,Fiscal Competition,and Public Education Expenditure

A two‐country model is developed in this paper to examine the implications of fiscal competition in public education expenditure under international mobility of high‐skilled labor. The authors allow for educational choice, asymmetry of countries with respect to total factor productivity, and tax base effects of migration in source and host country. As the latter may give rise to multiplicity of equilibrium, alternative belief structures of mobile high‐skilled workers are carefully taken into account. The paper also looks at the consequences of bilateral policy coordination. While in line with other studies on tax competition, bilateral coordination can reduce the under‐investment problem in public education spending, it also tends to hinder migration or may even reverse the direction of the migration flow that materializes under non‐cooperative policy setting. As a result of its potentially adverse effects on migration patterns, bilateral coordination may therefore reduce global welfare and bring the world economy further away from the social planner's solution.     

Trust and the tendency towards multi-unit franchising: A relational governance view

Previous research mainly focused on the agency-theoretical explanation of multi-unit franchising (MUF). The aim of this study is to develop a relational governance perspective of MUF by investigating the role of knowledge-based trust and general trust in franchisor's choice between multi-unit and single-unit franchising. Our data from the German franchise sector indicate that knowledge-based trust positively influences and general trust negatively influences the franchisor's tendency towards multi-unit franchising.