互联网使用与个体生育意愿——基于信息成本和家庭代际视角的分析

探究生育意愿的影响因素,助力人口转变升级成为当前研究的重要方向.文章置身中国具体情境,基于中国社会状况综合调查数据(CGSS2017),从信息成本视角和家庭代际视角两个维度考察互联网使用对个体生育意愿的影响.研究结果表明,使用互联网以及互联网使用频率越高的个体,其生育意愿越低.进一步研究发现,已育史对于互联网使用频率影响个体再育意愿存在负向调节效应,对于已育个体而言,上网频率越高对再育意愿的抑制作用越加显著;代际"数字鸿沟"对于互联网使用频率影响个体生育意愿也存在显著的负向调节效应.当子代和父辈存在较大的代际"数字鸿沟"时,对于互联网使用频繁的个体,父辈沿袭下来的传统育儿经验和子代通过网络获取的育儿知识相冲突可能会引致更多的家庭矛盾,进而抑制个体生育意愿.反之,当代际"数字鸿沟"较小时,互联网使用频率对个体生育意愿的抑制效应亦有所减弱.文章的发现对于提升个体生育意愿以及生育率的研究具有一定启示意义.     

人工智能推动了产业结构转型升级吗——基于中国工业机器人数据的实证检验

在人工智能成为新科技革命的核心驱动力的背景下,智能化生产作为制造业创新的重要方式,为地区产业结构转型升级提供了契机.本研究基于2006-2018年省级面板数据考察人工智能发展对中国产业结构转型的影响.研究发现,人工智能发展对产业结构高级化水平和合理化水平具有促进效应;产业结构升级效应在区域层面体现在中部和东部地区,在时间维度上体现在德国"工业4.0"概念提出后,而在产业领域上体现在高技术制造业、装备制造业、生产性服务业、高端服务业等产业;机制检验发现,人工智能可以提升整体经济生产率并且创造新兴产业就业岗位,从而促进产业结构转型升级.     

知识基础调节下合作网络对绿色技术创新的影响

绿色技术创新是绿色发展的重要动力，使用1985—2017年中国绿色技术专利数据，基于创新组织微观视角，运用负二项回归分析方法探究中心度、结构洞与聚集性3类合作网络特征对绿色技术创新的直接影响，以及知识广度、知识深度与知识融合性3类知识基础特征在上述影响中的调节作用。结果表明：①中心度与结构洞对绿色技术创新具有正向影响，聚集性对其具有负向影响；②知识广度削弱了中心度与结构洞的正向影响，同时削弱了聚集性的负向影响；知识深度强化了中心度与结构洞的正向影响，削弱了聚集性的负向影响；知识融合性在合作网络特征对不同类型绿色技术专利申请数的影响中具有不同的调节机制。最后，基于合作网络特征与知识基础特征优化视角，为我国企业、高校及科研院所等创新组织进行绿色技术创新提出相关政策建议。     

I Feel Your Pain: The Effect of Regulator as a Minority Shareholder on Merger and Acquisition Performance

We examine the effect of a regulator-led advocate for minority shareholders on merger and acquisition (M&A) performance in China. In recent years, the China Securities Regulatory Commission established the China Securities Investor Services Center (CSISC), which began its ownership of 100 shares of public firms in 2016. The CSISC advocates for the interests of minority shareholders proactively. Focusing on abnormal stock returns in M&A announcements, we find that acquirers that have the CSISC as a shareholder (CSISC acquirers) exhibit higher positive abnormal stock returns than non-CSISC acquirers. Cross-sectional analysis suggests that the core results are mainly driven by firms with severe agency problems and weak external/internal monitoring, and those not controlled by the state. In addition, we find that CSISC acquirers have better long-term performance and encounter more M&A failures than non-CSISC acquirers. Our findings indicate that although the CSISC only holds 100 shares of listed companies, it plays an effective role in monitoring and driving firms to make appropriate M&A decisions.     

An agent-based multiattribute reverse auction approach for online secondhand commodities

Due to the price elasticity of demand for secondhand commodities, it is difficult to establish a quantitative model for the auction. This paper proposes an agent-based multiattribute reverse auction model to support multicommodity combinatorial auction. First, this paper establishes an agent-based reverse auction model and introduces the framework, procedures, and protocols of the model in detail. Second, in light of the multicommodity environment, the targets, protocols, auction strategies, and approaches are identified. Finally, by using the proposed agent-based auction model, both buyers and sellers will reach simultaneous agreements on the details of the commodities to complete the auction.     

Revisiting the ICAPM under the distortion of risk–return tradeoff in short-horizon stock returns

We suggest that the distortion of the positive risk–return relation in the ICAPM is a consequence of trading by informed investors to exploit mispricing. We hypothesize and demonstrate that a non-positive (strongly positive) risk–return relation following positive (negative) market returns is attributed to short-selling (purchasing) of overpriced (underpriced) stocks along with optimistic (pessimistic) expectations conditional on good (bad) market news. We verify this asymmetry in the risk–return relation through the indirect risk–return relation conditional on good (bad) market news. We also find that the attenuation (reinforcement) of the positive risk–return relation is more profound in high- (low-) sentiment periods.     

Chief Audit Executive as Supervisory Board Member and Executive Compensation Contracts

This paper studies a unique phenomenon in China's corporate governance—that chief audit executives (CAEs) sit on supervisory boards (CAE duality)—and examines its effects on executive compensation contracts. Using a sample of listed firms between 2010 and 2018, we find a significant positive relation between CAE duality and pay-for-performance sensitivity, which suggests that the dual position helps integrate monitoring resources and reduces agency costs. This positive relation is more pronounced when companies face a stricter monitoring environment and in non-state-owned enterprises (non-SOEs) than in SOEs. In addition, we find that the recent reforms on compensation strengthen the role of CAE duality in SOEs. Further analysis identifies the reliability of performance information (i.e., earnings quality) and reduced executive self-interested behaviours (i.e., perquisite consumption) as the influencing mechanisms that increase the demand for performance-based compensation and thus improve pay-for-performance sensitivity.     

创新要素投入产出效率随机变动测度与结果分析

创新要素配置在投入产出两个环节中生成大量不完全技术信息，投入产出效率随机变动更加明显。从投入产出数据集合中提炼共同因子，与不可观测变量构成预测器，建立因子增广向量自回归模型(FAVAR)，分析随机变动方差构成，测度投入产出效率随机变动程度。随机变动效应包括水平效应、稳定性效应和规模效应。投入产出效率自回归扰动项表示随机变动程度，将其细分为共同因子，计算预测器方差及其与投入产出效率的协方差。基于669家上市公司月度、季度、半年度和年度技术研发数据，比较分析投入产出效率随机变动程度及形成原因，引入脉冲响应法分析变量方差构成与变动特征，提出相关政策建议。     

组织模块化对研究型大学技术转移绩效的影响

技术转移是将社会科技资源转化为实体经济效益的重要途径。当前，我国研究型大学技术转移渠道不畅、技术转移绩效不高、大学科技成果成功产业化“最后一公里”问题凸显。基于现实需求和研究缺口，构建组织模块化对研究型大学技术转移绩效影响的理论模型。在此基础上，收集我国38所研究型大学样本数据，采用SPSS24.0和AMOS软件进行结构方程路径分析，论证和检验组织模块化对于研究型大学技术转移绩效的影响机制。结果表明：组织模块化对研究型大学技术转移绩效具有显著正向影响；技术创新能力在组织模块化与技术转移绩效之间起显著中介作用；知识共享的调节作用主要体现在组织模块化独立性、响应性与技术创新能力之间的关系上，其对组织模块分工性与技术创新能力关系的影响作用不显著。     

创新引领城市高质量发展:创新原理、思路与要领的探讨

紧紧抓住创新的"第一动力"和乘数放大效应,引领超常规、可持续发展,是中国优化城市与区域发展战略的重点和内在要求.本文从创新的意义与相关学理剖析入手,从新供给经济学的分析视角切入,提出经济发展供给侧创新作用原理的理论模型与量化表达,形成以"守正出奇""守正创新"支持高质量发展潜力释放思路要领的框架性认识.结合中国当下发展新形势,以创新引领城市高质量发展这一命题,指出需以制度创新、科技创新和管理创新相结合,以供给侧结构性改革为主线,针对中国新型城镇化战略的客观要求,从国土开发顶层设计入手,动态优化各地定制化解决方案,并把握高质量发展的共性要求,以宜居宜业改善民生为核心优化公共服务供给,把握好制造业的提质增效升级发展,优化收入分配推进城乡一体共赢.此外,要抓住已涌现的"一带一路"建设与"新老基建"等发展机遇,注重新型城镇化中的有效投融资,西部城市需在应对挑战中把握后发优势,以"有效市场+有为、有限政府"组合打开活力潜力空间,推进中国经济社会实现弥合"二元经济"的新型城镇化和城乡一体化之现代化愿景.