Did foreign exchange holding influence growth performance during the global financial crisis?

In a context of increased foreign exchange reserves holding from emerging and developing countries, this paper investigates the diminishing return of reserves holding assumption over the most severe phase of the global financial crisis (2008Q1–2010Q4). Relying on a Panel Smooth Transition Regression model, we highlight the differential effect of the accumulation of foreign exchange reserves for a set of financial vulnerabilities variables. In a specific manner, although reserves accumulation is effective above a critical threshold to cope with vulnerabilities related to the financial channel, we show that it becomes less effective beyond a certain threshold for domestic bank vulnerabilities. Our results are robust to alternative specifications.     

Conservation finance and sustainable tourism: the acceptability of conservation fees to support the Tambopata National Reserve,Peru

Protected areas are key to the conservation of global biodiversity and ecosystem services; however, their success is contingent upon adequate funding. One possibility to increase funding for park management is to “sell” a wider suite of ecosystem services “produced” by protected areas, such as carbon sequestration. We conducted 420 tourist surveys to analyze willingness to pay (WTP) for ecosystem service benefits via a conservation fee in the Tambopata National Reserve in Peru. We also interviewed eight tour operators about their perceptions of the proposed fee. The average stated WTP was 15 USD. Sixty-six percent of tourists stated they would pay 10 USD or more, which, if actually paid, would have resulted in 318,000 USD for park management in 2015. Most respondents stated they would pay an additional fee if it supported biodiversity conservation or local ecosystem services, such as water, but less than 10% of tourists were motivated by carbon sequestration as a reason to pay the fee. Most tour operators supported the additional fee. Our findings suggest that tourists are willing to pay higher fees to support conservation but that interest in paying for additional ecosystem services from parks may not extend to global and intangible benefits such as carbon sequestration.     

2015:Make-or-break Year for China’s Cross-Border E-Commerce Companies

Iresearch estimates that the volume of China’s cross-border e-commerce accounted for China total export-import volume 11.9%in 2013,up to 14.8%in 2014.By 2017,cross-border e-commerce occupies a proportion of the total amount of China’s foreign trade that is expected to reach about 20%.T-he players shared their different opinions with China’s Foreign Trade.     

Top Galleries Come Together for Art Beijing 2011

From April 29 to May 2,2011,the Art Beijing 2011 Contemporary Art Fair was held at the New Hall of the National Agricultural Exhibition Center in Beijing. The theme wasPushing Forward Chinese Contemporary Art.The main art fair for the Art Beijing brand—the Art Beijing Contemporary Art Fair has been successfully held for five consecutive years,presenting a perfect balance of Asian and international aesthetics. The fair also provides a platform for academic and economic perspectives toward the development ...     

The employment environment for youth in rural South Africa: A mixed-methods study

South Africa has high youth unemployment. This article examines the predictors of youth employment in rural Agincourt, Mpumalanga Province. A survey of 187 out-of-school 18 to 24 year olds found that only 12% of women and 38% of men were currently employed. Men with skills/training were significantly more likely to report employment, mostly physical labour (adjusted odds ratio: 4.5; confidence interval: 1.3, 15.3). In-depth interviews with 14 of the youth revealed that women are perceived more suitable for formal employment, which is scarce, informing why women were more likely to pursue further education and yet less likely to be employed. Ten key informants from local organisations highlighted numerous local youth employment resources while, in contrast, all youth in the sample said no resources were available, highlighting a need for the organisations to extend their services into rural areas. Because these services are focused on entrepreneurship, programmes to increase financial literacy and formal employment opportunities are also needed.     

Five Points in One Line——Liaoning Costal Economic Zone

To promote the economy in Liaoning and to revitalize the industry base in Northeastern China, we need to improve the competing ability of coastal industrial clusters in Liaoning Province. Through the industrial cluster around the projected Northeast Asia Shipping Center in Liaoning, the province will boost the development and construction of coastal area step by step： join these ports there into a line and form a cluster and then realize the overall prosperity.     

China to Promote Investment in Jamaica

Jamaica is one of China＇s important trade partners in the English-speaking Caribbean, in recent years, bilateral trade has developed rapidly, although last year, because of the economic crisis, bilateral trade has been greatly affected.According to China Customs statistics, bilateral trade in 2008 amounted to US$291 million. Influenced by the financial crisis, bilateral trade between China and Jamaica in 2009 was US$2.19 million, down 25.7% when compared with the same period in 2008. However, with the continuous development of the two economies, bilateral economic and trade has great potential. Dur- ing the state visit of the Jamaican Prime Minister to China,     

India-China Bilateral Trade to Touch $60 Billion

On occasion of National Day of India at Shanghai World Expo, an India Business Forum was held on 19 August 2010. One of the largest ever business delegation from India led by Minister of State for Commerce ＆ In- dustry, Mr. Jyotiraditya M Scindia at- tended in Shanghai from 17th August to 19th August 2010.     

A Fairy Tale Trip in the World Expo

Summer holiday is here. Many parents wish to take their children to see the World Expo. But there are so many extraordinary pavilions that you may have a puzzle. Among the pavilions, which ones are the paradise for children？ Which ones are filled with surprise？ For a better choice of what you are interested in, here are some pavilions for your reference.