物流运输企业的车队管理

车队是物流运输公司中一个重要的职能部门,直接影响物流服务质量和物流成本。车队管理也一直是一个难点。文中从车队驾驶员、车辆、调度、安全四个方面入手,全面地分析了车队管理的方方面面。     

车联网中基于网络编码的优先级信息分发方案

车联网中信息的共享尤其是紧急信息的分发至关重要。然而，传统的广播方式易引起网络风暴，导致信息传输时延高，预警效果差。为了实现海量信息的共享以及紧急信息的快速分发，提出了一种基于优先级的信息网络编码算法（Priority-based Information Network Coding Algorithm，PINCA），根据信息类别确定优先级别，优先对高优先级数据包进行线性网络编码与传输。仿真结果表明，相同仿真环境下，采用所提的PINCA时，紧急信息传输时延比现有传输方案下的时延减小了至少23.494 4 ms，同时算法的时间复杂度也低于现有方案，可应用于路边设备稀疏的车联网系统中。     

我国汽车逆向物流发展对策研究

阐述了汽车逆向物流的概念及特点,通过对我国汽车逆向物流的现状和汽车逆向物流的作用分析,解释了研究并发展汽车逆向物流的必要性。最后,从政府、企业、消费者三个角度提出了废旧汽车回收的发展对策及汽车生产企业对废旧汽车回收模式的选择建议。     

The economic burden of end-of-life care in metastatic breast cancer

Objective: To assess end-of-life (EOL) total healthcare costs and resource utilization during the last 6 months of claims follow-up among patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) who received systemic anti-neoplastic therapy.

Methods: Newly diagnosed females with MBC initiating treatment January 1, 2003–June 30, 2011 were identified in a large commercial claims database. Two cohorts were defined based on a proxy measure for EOL 1 month prior to the end of last recorded follow-up within the study period: patients who were assumed dead at end of claims follow-up (EOL cohort) and patients who were alive (no-end-of-life [NEOL] cohort). Proxy measures for EOL were obtained from published literature and clinical expert opinion. Cost and resource utilization were evaluated for the 6 months prior to end of claims follow-up. Baseline variables, resource utilization, and costs were compared between cohorts with univariate statistical tests. Adjusted relative risks were calculated for resource utilization measures. A covariate-adjusted generalized linear model evaluated 6-month total healthcare costs.

Results: Of the 3,878 females included, 18.5% (n?=?718) met the criteria for EOL. Mean observational time (MBC onset to end of claims follow-up) was shorter for the EOL cohort (EOL, 32 months vs NEOL, 35 months; p?p?2 times higher in the EOL cohort (p?Conclusions: Potential EOL presented a greater economic burden in the 6 months prior to death. EOL month-to-month costs increased precipitously in the last 2 months of life and were driven by acute inpatient care.     

Economic issues in recycling end-of-life vehicles

This research paper evolves from problems related to the environment as the result of today's product-based society and especially the end-of-life management of cars. The purpose is to identify key elements in car-scrapping approaches with the potential to meet the following three goals:

• containing the environmental damage from end-of-life cars,

• improvement of current end-of-life car management from an environmental and resource utilization standpoint, and

• fostering manufacturing of scrap-adapted/recycled cars.

An attempt is made to analyze how financial resources could be organized for the ELV recycling system. A few suggestions have been made in order to foster attainment of the above-mentioned goals through an extended producer responsibility through requisite market oriented financial support.In short, this paper takes a look at the economic feasibility and ingredients for success of a market for recyclables. It lays emphasis on some kind of transparency at the economic and technical levels.     

European response to issues in recycling car plastics

This paper discusses the issue of recycling of plastics in the automobile industry which has gained importance due to the proposed European Commission regulation on End-of-Life Vehicles (ELVs) where the EC sets targets on the percent recyclablity or reusability of a car by the year 2015. This proposed regulation puts pressure on the car manufacturers to increase the recyclable and/or reusable components of their product. Plastic poses a critical challenge as on one hand it is necessary to meet the customer demands related to esthetics, light weight and the technological advantages, while on the other hand it is a hurdle in achieving a higher percent recyclability of the ELVs.A closer look on this issue from Europe is necessary as it is expected to set the trend in car recycling regulations all over the world. However, there are many related economic issues that have to be kept in mind while thinking of recycling of plastics (or other components) from ELVs. Tough regulations may not have the solution to the environmental question as the issue has ramifications outside the automotive industry and outside Europe.The significance of plastics in the automotive industry, the proposed ELV directive from the EC and the economic effects of the same, along with the future concerns is discussed here. Further, the paper takes a brief look at the environment in the Indian sub-continent which is considered an emerging market and is flooded with car manufacturers from all over the world, and where issues like recycling are still to attract the attention of the government and the local population.     

Environmental regulation and innovation driving ecological design in the UK automotive industry

The theory of ecological modernization asserts that economic and environmental goals can be integrated within a framework of industrial modernity. Its central tenet is that environmental regulation can stimulate the application of ‘clean’ technologies or techniques. Ecological modernization also contends that environmental regulation can offer business benefits from innovation through improved product design and economic performance. The EU End of Life Vehicles Directive (ELVD) reflects many of these principles, as it compels all car manufacturers to ‘take back’ and dismantle vehicles at the end of their useful lives and to remove the hazardous substances from the production process. Each component will then be either reused or recycled. The legislation forces designers to introduce ‘clean design’ and ‘design for disassembly’ practices. In light of this, we examine the impact of the directive on UK automotive component manufacturers. We find limited evidence that the EU ELVD Directive has driven product innovation beyond short‐term, incremental technological trajectories. We therefore conclude that a more radical approach, in line with the ‘dematerialization’ thesis by Dobers and Wolff (1999), is needed to generate more radical, ecological design solutions within the UK automotive industry. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

进口机动车智能服务平台的研究与应用

通过对现有模式存在问题的分析,提出了利用无线射频技术、物联网技术以及信息化技术构建智能化服务平台的解决方案。在全面整合进口机动车管理资源的基础上,创新进口机动车检验监管工作模式,研究并应用进口机动车智能服务平台,实现了宏观管控、规则管理、登检核销、检验操作、公众查询、售后维修、后续监管等功能,构建了进口机动车物流、检测及后续监管服务体系,形成了进口机动车全过程智能化的“一点通”服务模式。达到了改善通关环境,提高通关效率,促进贸易便利化的目标。     

论机动车第三者责任强制保险受害第三者直接请求权

机动车第三者责任强制保险受害第三者的直接请求权是指交通事故中受害第三者向承保第三者责任强制保险的保险人直接请求给付责任保险金的权利.赋予受害第三者直接请求权的目的在于保护受害者的利益.第三者直接请求权的基础在于强制责任保险的社会功能,但其性质属于法律特别规定的权利,是法律特别创设的债权.我国法律对第三者直接请求权没有直接规定,必然会造成适用中的混乱,应该在立法中对第三者直接请求权予以明确.     

面向智能网联汽车的汽车产业升级研究

智能网联汽车代表着未来汽车产品形态和技术制高点,发展智能网联汽车将为中国汽车产业转型升级提供战略机遇。基于价值链视角,结合行业最新实践案例,分析了面向智能网联汽车的产业升级将给汽车产业价值链不同环节带来的深刻影响和改变,从理论层面界定了智能网联汽车产业价值链的本质特点,系统梳理了中国发展智能网联汽车产业的优势和不足,在此基础上,从流程升级、产品升级、功能升级等不同维度为各类型中国汽车企业升级提出了建议。