简述20世纪语言学研究的发展与主要流派的特征

20世纪语言学研究经历了三个阶段的发展:结构主义语言学阶段、转换生成语言学阶段和系统功能语言学阶段。简述了语言学在这三个阶段的发展、各个阶段的代表学者以及他们的理论特点。     

图片新闻报道中图像符号的批评性多模态语篇分析

本文运用费尔克拉夫的三维语篇分析模式和视觉语法理论对《时代》杂志关于新疆的暴力事件的图片新闻报道进行了批评性多模态分析,揭示了图像也是有意识形态的,它对社会现实具有重构功能。     

维吾尔语宾语问题研究

"间接宾语"说是抛开维语的形态,强调意义的产物。抛开形态谈意义,必然会出现间接宾语和状语难以区分的问题,给语言研究、翻译和教学带来诸多不便。本文认为,只有带宾格标志的才是宾语,应把"间接宾语"归为状语,这是符合语法发展规律的。     

浅谈英语的否定

英语中的否定是一个重要的语法现象，掌握了否定对提高学生英语整体素质很重要。     

Karl Pearson—The Scientific Life in a Statistical Age by Theodore M. Porter: A Review

Porter presents an excellent account of the young Karl Pearson and his extraordinarily varied activities. These ranged from the Cambridge Mathematical Tripos Exams to German history and folklore, and included free thought, socialism, the woman's question, and the law. Returning to science, Pearson produced the famous Grammar of Science . He decided on a career in statistics only at age 35. Porter emphasizes Pearson's often acrimonious but largely successful battles to show the wide applicability and importance of statistics in many areas of science and public affairs. Eugenics became a passion for Pearson. Avoiding all formulas Porter fails to give any concrete ideas of even Pearson's most important contributions to statistical theory. We try to sketch these here.     

On Grammar Translation Approach and Communicative Language Teaching

Be driven by new knowledge about the learner and the English language, foreign language teaching has developed into many different schools based on different theories. All of them have their own advantages and disadvantages. Focusing on two of the most commonly used ones--the Grammar Translation Approach and Communicative Language Teaching, this paper gives comments about these two different approaches and give advices that combine them together to promote language teaching.     

A Brief Analysis on the Application of the Grammar Translation——Form the Perspective of Its Popularity and Adaptation in China

Proceeding from the historical retrospect of the Grammar-Translation Method, this essay clarifies its present application in China’s foreign language teaching and analyzes the reasons for its popularity and adaptation in China. Finally, some constructive suggestions are given on how to apply the Grammar’Translation Method more effectively and improve China’s foreign language teaching.     

Linguistics and Economics: Is Entrepreneurship Innate?

One of the great scientific achievements of the second half of the twentieth century was the advance in linguistics. Noam Chomsky was one of its foremost exponents. Chomsky and his followers claim that human beings have an inbuilt ‘language acquisition device’ which allows children to acquire language with extraordinary ease. Language is as much part of human nature as flying is that of birds. This paper argues that, like language, the propensity to trade is an inbuilt characteristic of human beings. Language permeates all human faculties including the ability to plan for the future. As a result human economic activity shares many important features with language, in particular its recursive and unbounded character. There is also evidence that the concept of property is innate. It follows that attempts to frustrate or limit the exercise of property rights and their use in trade works against the grain of human nature. Limits on the natural expression of entrepreneurship may be as damaging as other constraints on human flourishing.     

全新范式方法在传统语言学研究中的应用

在对乔姆斯基的转换生成语法进行全面概述的基础上,指认出其对传统语言学研究范式所进行的三大转换,即从描述到解释,从表层到深层以及从解构到建构,而这种转换的实质则在于从经验到先验。     

“自下而上”与“自上而下”策略在功能语法中的耦合

在语言处理的过程中,有两种对立的策略:“自下而上”与“自上而下”。鉴于各有利弊,人们试图将它们结合起来。功能语法中的文类理论以及三元功能分析模式为这种结合提供了语法分析的手段,在一定程度上磨合了哲学层面的“图式”与词汇、语法的关联。这有利于从理论讨论深入到具体方法和技术的开发,以期在信息处理和语言教学等领域得到运用。