The trickle-down effect: how elite sporting success affects amateur participation in German football

The trickle-down effect assumes that sporting success at the elite sport level descends down to the amateur sport level in the sense that people are inspired by sporting success to participate themselves. Previous research failed to find convincing evidence for this relationship, mostly because the data used and the methods applied (e.g. cross-sectional data, primary data, correlations) were not adequate. This study addresses these shortcomings and examines the effect of national sporting success on amateur sport participation in German football using longitudinal data from 1950 to 2014. Since an individual’s decision to participate in sport also depends on other factors, the regression models also control for working hours, real wages etc. The results show that only World Cup title wins of the men’s national team have a positive and statistically significant impact on the number of and percentage changes in individual club memberships, clubs and teams. The coefficients of European Championship titles and title wins of the women’s national team turn out to be mostly insignificant. Future research should examine the reasons as to why only title wins by the men’s team have a measurable inspirational effect on amateur sport participation in football.     

The price of education and inequality

Constructing a simple model that includes the price of education, this paper shows that the educational expenditure of rich households could prevent poor households from escaping poverty. The paper offers an explanation for persistent inequality.     

The trickle-down effect of servant leadership on frontline employee service behaviors and performance: A multilevel study of Chinese hotels

This study tests a trickle-down effect regarding how servant leadership flows from top-to middle-level leaders, resulting in frontline employees' service-oriented behaviors and service quality. Using multiple validations, we develop and test a measure of servant leadership at various levels in the hospitality industry. Drawing on data from 325 employee–supervisor pairs of workgroups in 9 Chinese, star-level hotels, results from hierarchical linear modeling support the service profit chain theory and trickle-down model of leadership by demonstrating influence of top- and middle-level servant leadership on frontline employees. Cross-level moderation analysis suggests service climate moderates the effect on service-oriented behaviors, but in an inverse direction.     

家族企业工匠精神传承的涓滴效应模型:一个纵向单案例分析

在我国经济由高速增长向高质量发展转变的关键时期,工匠精神作为个体价值取向和企业发展的重要支撑,因其提质增效的功能而备受社会各界的广泛关注。家族企业为工匠精神的研究提供了难得的考察对象,工匠精神以技艺和商业秘密为标识,成为家族企业代际传承的一项重要议题,能否顺利传承事关家族企业的可持续发展与基业长青。然而,现有研究聚焦于探讨工匠精神内涵和传承方式,以及在家族企业中的存在形态和重要作用等,缺少对家族企业工匠精神特性和传承机理的分析。为此,本文以越窑青瓷有限公司为案例,采用扎根分析,探索家族企业工匠精神的传承过程。研究结论:(1)家族企业工匠精神包括个体的技艺精神和价值取向,主要表现为对技艺、家族、产业的特殊情感和认知。(2)工匠精神经历播种期、培育期、绽放期,每个阶段根据涓滴主体不同,净化、渗透和吸收的过程和效果存在差异。(3)家族企业工匠精神在"父-子"传承模式受阻时,依靠引入外部师傅资源,在"师带徒"模式中得以保留和传递。研究结论不仅明晰了家族企业工匠精神的内涵,而且为工匠精神的传递提供了涓滴理论解释,对于工匠型家族企业继承人的策略性培育具有实践启示。