刍议经济类稿件中数学方法应用的泛化与模式固化倾向——兼评新古典经济学数学形式主义的流弊

将数学方法引入经济研究领域,是对经济学发展的贡献,但它在经济研究中终究是手段、工具、方法,不能替代规范性研究的主体地位.一个时期以来,运用数学方法研究经济问题之风颇为盛行,且为文结构模式大有固化、八股化之势.这与西方新古典经济学数学形式主义的影响不无关系.对此应正视之,警惕之.     

行业体制改革的普适性新解：新自由主义的悖论

诚如弗朗西斯·福山所言2008年金融危机预示着新自由主义这服药剂的失效，以新自由主义为路径的行业体制改革在拉美和苏东的失败也说明：缺乏普适性的西式“休克疗法”并不能实现行业治理的“善治”；法德的混合模式和日本的M型战略也为后发展中国家提供了有益的借鉴。然而中西方的主流学者以新自由主义治理理论分析中国的行业改革成败，并根据行业化改革的失败和经济发展巨大成就这一“中国悖论”，呼吁建立英美“政府——行业组织——公民社会”三元共治的政治、经济、社会权力架构。因此，重新评估新自由主义路径的普适性，进而“缓慢刹车战略”，而又不贸然追求新自由主义形式的中国行业体制改革未尝不会成为一种新的范式。     

SEN,ETHICS, AND DEMOCRACY

Amartya Sen's ethical theorizing helps feminists resolve the tensions between the claims of women's particular perspectives and moral objectivity. His concept of "positional objectivity" highlights the epistemological significance of value judgments made from particular social positions, while holding that certain values may become widely shared. He shows how acknowledging positionality is consistent with affirming the universal value of democracy. This article builds on Sen's work by proposing an analysis of democracy as a set of institutions that aims to intelligently utilize positional information for shared ends. This epistemological analysis of democracy offers a way to understand the rationale for reserving political offices for women. From a political point of view, gendered positions are better thought of as an epistemological resource than as a ground of identity politics v - v that is, of parochial identification and solidarity.     

The use of odd-ending numbers in the pricing of five tourism services in three different cultures

The study measured the extent to which the 1 through 9 digits were used as price endings by suppliers of five tourism services in three different cultures represented by New York City, Seoul, and Shanghai. Four results emerged. The first confirmed the hypothesis, but the other three results were contrary to expectations. First, 9 and 8-ending prices were dominant in New York City and in Shanghai, respectively. Second, these culture specific endings were complemented by the universality of the 0 and 5- digit endings of prices which were ranked first and second, respectively, in Seoul, second and third in Shanghai, and third and second in New York. Third, 9-ending prices were not used more frequently when they resulted in a lowering of the leftmost digit. Fourth, dominant cultural specific price endings were not used more frequently in lower than in higher priced tourism services.     

Influence of social network structure on entrepreneurship participation—A study of 20 national cultures

By investigating differences in social networks among entrepreneurs in 20 cultures, this paper contributes to the debate on whether there is universality in the process of entrepreneurial networking. Representative samples of entrepreneurs were identified in the same manner in 20 countries from 2000 to 2004 (N = 304,560). The sampling methodologies and the questions asked were similar across all countries. Logistic regression was used to test for significant regional interaction effects involving personally knowing an entrepreneur. Results are contrary to the existence of any mono-dimensional form of networking practice but do strongly support the existence of both variform universality (culture moderates the importance of networking) and functional universality (cultural similarities in networking practice exist).     

基于公共财政论谈国家分配论的一般性

公共财政论只是国家分配论发展到市场经济条件下的一种基于其特定财政现象和特征的更贴切的表述方式,只能解释市场经济条件下的财政规律。但只有国家分配论能够合理解释不同社会经济形态下的财政现象、本质。而在其他经济条件下国家分配论又可以有其他更贴切的表述方式,如家计财政、生产建设财政等,但其理论内核都脱不了国家分配论的巢臼。因此,国家分配论较公共财政论而言,更具一般性,是更符合一般性经济规律的理论。我们应在结合中国国情的基础上借鉴公共财政论有利于社会主义市场经济发展的部分,不断丰富和发展国家分配论。