集装箱信息的条码化研究

现代集装箱码头很多作业已经实现了自动化或半自动化,但码头理货和闸口工作人员仍要用无线手提终端机人工输入集装箱信息。本文研究了使用条码技术(39条码和PDF417码)对集装箱信息进行编码。运用了文本压缩技术,将包含集装箱信息的PDF417码压缩为5行二维条码。通过将集装箱信息的条码化,并借助市场上已有的无线条码数据采集器扫描条码,可以实现码头理货和闸口工作人员录入数据的自动化,降低工作强度,提高生产效率。     

Measuring overconfidence: Methodological problems and statistical artifacts

Psychological studies are frequently cited in the business and finance literature to bolster claims that various kinds of economic disasters, from the large proportion of start-ups that quickly go out of business to the exaggerated confidence of financial investors, can be attributed to overconfidence. This article reviews some of the problems associated with concluding that people overestimate the accuracy of their judgments based on observed overconfidence measured as the difference between mean subjective probability and proportion correct. Methodological and statistical artifacts, such as regression, can explain many of the observed instances of apparent overconfidence.     

Dual Distribution and the Penrose Effect

This paper develops an approach to analyzing an equilibrium in markets where firms can choose dual distribution to sell their products. Dual distribution involves a firm selling its product both through company-owned stores and through independently owned franchises. For a monopoly firm, the use of company-owned stores is assumed to play a number of roles. When the total number of markets is variable, an increase in company-owned stores can signal the quality of the product to potential franchisees, increasing the total number of markets served by the monopolist. Additional company-owned stores may also increase the royalty rate received by the franchisor, as well as increase demand in the local markets. There are limits, however, to the benefits of company ownership, called the “Penrose Effect.” For an equilibrium to exist, the monopoly firm must have no incentive to alter the the number of company-owned stores vis-à-vis franchised stores. The approach taken here yields a number of testable implications, which can form the basis of empirical tests of dual distribution.     

上市银行XBRL财务报告现状及存在的问题

信息质量可靠是XBRL财务报告发展的根本动力。XBRL报告已在我国上市公司全面实施,因此需要对XBRL报告信息披露现状进行分析评价。本文通过对上海证券交易所上市银行XBRL报告与PDF报告的比较发现,XBRL报告存在报表项目漏报、报表项目错报、报表项目顺序排列错误、金额错报和漏报、金额符号错误、合计金额错误等六种问题。进而,就如何解决XBRL报告问题本文提出了一些建议,主要包括:改进XBRL报告报送系统、进一步推广应用XBRL分类标准、加强上市公司XBRL应用能力的培训、实现会计信息系统与XBRL的有效链接,同时还需要发展XBRL鉴证业务以进一步确保XBRL报告的可靠性。     

Photoshop的常用存储格式分析

使用图像处理软件会遇到多种文件存储格式的选择问题，文章通过对十四种常用存储格式的介绍，详细说明了各种存储格式的特性和应用注意事项。     

双层PDF技术在档案管理中的应用

档案管理的数字化,是指在国家档案建设管理部门的统一规划和组织下,在档案管理的活动中全面应用现代信息技术,对档案信息资源进行数字化管理和提供利用。双层PDF技术可以将档案馆现有的纸质档案转化为数字档案,方便档案存储和用户查找。     

The distortion of information to support an emerging evaluation of risk

A persistent problem in the assessment of the risk of an event is a bias driven by the desirability of different outcomes. However, such a desirability bias should not occur in the absence of prior dispositions toward those outcomes. This assumption is tested in an experiment designed to track the evaluation of information during an emerging evaluation of risk. Results confirm the presence of a substantial desirability bias even when there is no prior disposition toward any outcome. These findings bear implications for the assessment of risk not only in the presence of prior desirability, but also in situations currently considered benign.     

Exploring store format development and its influence on store image and store clientele – the case of IKEA’s development of an inner-city store format

Abstract

A changed technological landscape and radically changed consumer behavior are forcing retailers to rethink their business models, retail formats, and retail offerings. The global retailer IKEA is no exception in this development. Recently, the traditional IKEA format, which has been so successfully duplicated across the world over the years, has been complemented with other formats that are new and innovative for IKEA. Based on an empirical investigation of consumer perceptions of the store format development in Hamburg-Altona, Germany, the present study explores format development and its influence on store image and clientele, considering also the purpose of visiting IKEA and how this seems to have changed with the introduction of the new format. We also discuss the core aspects of the IKEA formats, and the fact that although some things have changed, others have stayed the same to preserve the IKEA image.     

报纸网络数据无损压缩安全传输系统研究

针对报纸数据网络传输中存在的技术瓶颈和安全问题,提出并建立了一个具有SSL安全通道、无损压缩、数据库备案、图像预览、自动重连以及任务续传等功能的报纸网络数据传输系统。论文针对单客户端对单服务器、多客户端对多服务器、自动重连、任务续传等4种模式进行了仿真实验。结果表明,应用本文提出的网络数据传输系统,CPU占用率不超过20％,系统内存占用一般不超过500K,网络带宽占用率不超过55％,且通信双方是在拥有有效证书的前提下进行数据交换,有效确保了通信安全。系统在数据库的支持下,能够适应报纸网络版的需求,为报纸网络版的发展提供技术保证。     

Barriers to the advancement of modern food retail formats: theory and measurement

The recent expansion of global food retailers into emerging economies has made the study of food retail modernization especially relevant at this time. We present a framework to analyze limitations to market share growth of retail formats based on diffusion across consumer segments and by product category. We then propose a measurement approach, based on consumer surveys, that quantifies the impact of these processes on supermarket market share. Food retail modernization is then examined in Hong Kong by this approach for two points in time. In a 1995 diagnostic study, we find that geographic and economic segment diffusion of supermarkets is complete, but that product category-dependent diffusion (specifically perishables) is not. The latter, thereby, becomes the major restriction on supermarket share gain. In 1999, a second study measures the impact of the introduction of superstores, a large modern format, on the perishable restriction to modern format share growth. Consumers perceived superstore perishables to be superior to supermarkets’, but these views had little impact on the ability of modern format to wrest additional share from traditional markets. We discuss diagnostic and monitoring applications, and extensions of the approach to other retail contexts.