Structuring an effective human error intervention strategy selection model for commercial aviation

Flight safety cannot be compromised. Thus, commercial airlines should constantly develop safety management strategies to mitigate the diverse hazardous factors in flight operations. Given the constraint of organizational resource, a commercial airline may not have sufficient resources to implement all the necessary strategies simultaneously. This study uses a well-structured process to develop a qualitative evaluation model that will enable airlines to identify human errors and select an intervention strategy with the highest success potential. To clarify the decision problem, the Human Factors Intervention Matrix framework is utilized to construct the decision hierarchy. The Analytic Hierarchy Process is then used to attain the priorities of potential alternative strategies for various unsafe acts. Finally, Zero-One Goal Programming models are formulated to select an optimal portfolio based on the specific target and the available organizational resources. An empirical study is presented to illustrate the application of the proposed model. According to the results of the combined model, an optimal portfolio, including the intervention approaches of organizational/administrative, human/crew, and operational/physical environment, can remediate four unsafe acts, namely, decision errors, skill-based errors, perceptual errors, and violations, under resource constraints of the organization.     

拒绝言语行为的礼貌问题研究

由于拒绝言语行为具有潜在的面子威胁性。拒绝言语行为有直接拒绝和间接拒绝。拒绝言语行为的间接性与礼貌之间存在正态关联。社会权力和社会距离也影响对拒绝言语行为的实施。     

论《物权法》中非依法律行为引起的物权变动

法定非依法律行为可以引起物权消极变动的效力,但出于交易安全考虑,事后进行备案宣示登记是必要的,整体结构安排要和积极变动的登记程序相协调.我国物权法实施过程中应明确规定对因非依法律行为引起的物权变动应该进行登记,考虑对类似强制执行、遗赠扶养协议的受遗赠等特殊情况,在立法上作出一些例外规定.同时,对基于非依法律行为引起的物权变动程序应作出一些具体的规定.     

试析民事法律行为制度与意思自治的关系

意思自治是民法的基本价值取向。民事法律行为制度的功能是为了合理实现意思自治,意思自治原则在民事法律行为制度中最主要体现在契约自由原则上。     

A Missing Citizen? Issue Based Citizenship in City-Regional Planning

City regions are significant sites of economic development, policymaking, and everyday living. Yet in many countries they are weakly institutionalized and therefore lack established democratic practices. This article is based on a study exploring citizen participation in city-regional planning in Finland, where traditional participatory means have largely failed to invite and involve citizens. The analysis approaches city regions relationally, as evolving processes with a changing spatial shape and scope. Through the notion of lived citizenship, including the dimensions of status, practices and acts, the article reveals how the dominant ideas of citizenship in city-regional planning hide from view elements that are significant for citizen participation. Whereas people's rights to participation can largely be fulfilled on a territorial basis in municipalities and states through legal membership in political communities, in the context of weakly institutionalized city-regional planning such status-based forms of participation are typically not available. This vagueness has created an image of a missing city-regional citizenry, which the article sets out to challenge and rework through the notion of issue-based participation as lived citizenship.     

票据行为的性质探析

票据行为性质的理论在学术界存在很多争议,主要分为双方法律行为和单方法律行为,在各国立法中也采纳了不同的学说,同时,根据理论和实务需要,两派学说还各自发展出不同的学说分支.笔者在整理现有学说的基础上,在双方法律行为说的单数契约说下提出了"参加契约说",试图解释单数契约说原来无法解释的问题.     

Ethical Awareness： Do We Need to Teach Accounting Ethics？ The Case of Bahrain

Based on the premise that ethics education leads to creation of the required （acceptable level of） ethical awareness, the general streamline of accounting ethics literature is strongly in favor of teaching adequate, efficient, and effective accounting ethics. This paper takes the position that this premise must be checked in an educational setting in which accounting ethics education lacks the characteristics of being adequate, efficient, and effective. Accordingly, a questionnaire with two parts was distributed to accounting students about to graduate from the University of Bahrain （UoB）. The first part is an exploratory investigation consisting of 21 variables/questions. The second part is an experimental investigation consisting of 13 hypothetical accounting cases representing various ethics violations. The general tendency by an accounting student based on the two parts indicates that he/she holds an acceptable level of ethical awareness, despite the fact that accounting education programs lack an adequate, efficient, and effective approach to teaching accounting ethics.     

员工沉默行为的产生与应对策略实证分析

调查表明，员工沉默行为产生的动机是多方面的，其中大部分原因与领导有关，性别、年龄、学历、所在企业属性、管理层级不同的员工的沉默动机存在差异；员工沉默行为的发生不利于领导的决策，也会导致员工积极性降低，还会损坏组织的判断能力和纠错能力。减少员工沉默行为是一个系统工程，涉及诸多方面、诸多环节，要求组织管理者树立全局思想，调动一切可以利用的资源，创造有利条件，减少员工沉默行为的发生和再发生。     

企业组织行为的动力特征分析

企业组织行为的动力来自于企业组织内部和企业组织的外部环境.这些动力在企业组织不同需要层次下,会引起企业组织不同的行为特征.所以企业组织的行为不是偶然的,而是有其自身的规律.掌握了这些规律,对于宏观管理者来说,可以根据不同企业的需要,因势利导,引导企业组织的需要合理化、理性化;同时,也要针对企业组织的需要特征而采用必要的规范加以约束.     

养老保险法律外因性理论思辨

迄今为止，国际国内尚未有探讨养老保险法律的外因性理论的文献，本文在辨析新历史主义理论、福利经济学理论、新自由主义理论和第三条道路理论产生或者兴起的时代背景、主要观点的基础上，评论了每一种理论的优势与不足，关键是深入探讨了这些理论与养老保险法律的产生、发展和改革的关联性，为研究国际养老保险法律提供了创新性的理论框架。