我国物有所值定量评价方法有效性检验——基于北京地铁四号线的研究

文章详细介绍了我国公共部门和社会资本合作关系的物有所值定量评价方法,包括概念的解析和具体的公式计算,并运用成功的PPP项目案例对所提到的定量评价方法进行检验。结果证明我国的物有所值定量评价方法在一定范围内是有效的,可还存在计算主体不清导致的计算因素虚增和潜在风险识别不足等问题,建议在实务中要谨慎运用,必要时可借助定性和定量、VFM和其他评价方法相结合的方式来进行决策判断。     

PPP项目资金价值PSC评价法的改进探讨

资金价值评估是目前PPP项目经济评价的核心。作为目前国际应用前景最广阔的方法, PSC评价法被广泛应用于PPP项目的资金价值评估。但是,PSC评价法存在过多假设条件、折现率取值和周期性等缺陷。针对我国目前PPP项目评估现状,通过对PSC评价法存在问题的分析,从PSC值确定、风险调整以及折现率方面对PSC评价法进行改进,并提出契合我国具体国情的保障措施,最后通过案例分析对PSC评价法的运用进行了说明。     

Private finance initiative in incomplete contracts: Theory and evidence from Japan

Private finance initiative (PFI) is a way of creating "public–private partnerships" (PPPs) where private firms are contracted to complete and manage public projects. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how to achieve a desirable procurement contract in PFIs. In the first part, we develop an incomplete contracting model to analyze the effectiveness of PFIs. We show that an appropriate fixed compensation is important in disentangling adverse selection. In the second part, we test the validity of this theoretical implication by case study of “Thalasso Fukuoka” and by cross-sectional analysis on Japan’s PFIs. The case study indicates that adverse selection under overestimated value for money (VFM) was a major reason for why the project failed. The cross-sectional analysis also shows that when the local government had overestimated the initial VFM, adverse selection discouraged private companies with higher reservation profits to apply for the project. It suggests that the overestimated initial VFM could make the project less productive even if it did not lead the project to bankrupcy.     

公共产品供给的"第四条道路"--PPP模式研究

PPP 是基础设施等准公共产品供给新模式。该模式依据公共产品理论和代理理论,依托私人部门的资金、技术和管理等优势,缓解了公共部门支出不足,提高了公共支出效率的新公共管理模式。PPP 的突出特点是公共部门向私人部门转移风险和私人部门向公共部门传递现金价格。我国已具备实行 PPP 模式的现实环境和管理意识。应重新界定公共部门,加强政府服务意识,加快公共管理改革步伐,通过 PPP 模式,减轻政府财政压力,提升我国公共服务的供给水平。     

PFI—公用事业的建设和运营模式

PFI是发展公用事业的制度创新,在公用事业领域引入竞争机制,由企业提供公共产品和服务。PFI是一个系统工程,有赖于法律政策体系、公共支援、融资体系的支持。我国有必要在全面理解PFI的基础上,运用PFI发展公用事业。PFI有利于解决公用事业投资不足、公用事业单位改革、引导社会资本投资和地方政府的过度负债等问题。