建立计算机管理系统 提高机车检修质量

山海关机务段针对传统质量管理手段和机车检修方法存在管理方法落后、检测手段落后和考核机制滞后等弊端,建立机车检修质量计算机管理系统。该系统具有收集处理检修质量信息,提供质量分析、定责、考核依据,强化配件检修质量及检修质量控制等功能,促进了机车质量稳步提高,为旅客列车安全正点运行提供了有力保障,为运输畅通和增运增收发挥了重要作用。     

Understanding the impacts of ‘Grain for Green’ land management practice on land greening dynamics over the Loess Plateau of China

Land greening in China is regarded as contributing a great deal to greening of the Earth. The phenomenon is mainly attributed to climate change, arising atmospheric CO₂ and ‘Grain for Green’ (GFG) land management policies. However, limited knowledge is known how much land greening is from contributions of the GFG practice. Therefore, the study took the typical region of the GFG practice, the Loess Plateau, as the study area, and used 1982–2015 satellite-observed GIMMS3g normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data, ERA-Interim climatic variables (precipitation, temperature and solar radiation) and atmospheric CO₂ concentration data with the help of a developed TPRC-based NDVI model to derive GFG-induced NDVI after 1999. Furthermore, this study tracked the spatial-temporal dynamics of GFG-induced NDVI and assessed contributions of the GFG practice to regional vegetation changes. Results showed that satellite-observed NDVI and TPRC-based NDVI both exhibited an increasing spatial pattern from the northwestern to southeastern Loess Plateau, but their greening trends were separately 0.0022 and 0.0009 per year in 1982–2015 (p < 0.05). Note that the satellite-observed greening trend was much steeper with a slope of 0.0056 per year after 2006 (p < 0.05). The subsequent analyses documented that GFG-induced land greening were largely responsible for the steep trend. In space, evident greening patterns began to be observed in the central Loess Plateau from 2006 to 2008, afterwards expanded towards eastern and southwestern Loess Plateau. In 2011–2015, the increase magnitude of GFG-induced land greening in the Loess Plateau averagely accounted for 8.5 % in comparison to estimated TPRC-based NDVI, but in six natural zones were various, ranging from 3.2%–15.7%. In some regions of central Loess Plateau, GFG-induced NDVI contributed even more than 20 % to vegetation increase. This study highlights that land use management contributes more to land greening dynamics over the Loess Plateau compared to climate change and arising atmospheric CO₂ concentration. These findings likely provide some valuable information for curbing or enhancing specific-location vegetation changes in future regional land management and planning.     

全自动降破碎防偏仓保粮筒仓的研究与开发

本文提出一种全自动降低粮食破碎率、防止进粮偏仓的粮食筒仓,为企业安全生产和科学保粮提供了科技支撑。     

有效提升粮油检测数据的准确度

本文主要探讨粮油检测数据的科学性和准确性,包括粮油样品的扦取、检测误差的控制、检测质量体系的运行、检测数据处理的原则和检测报告的编制等。     

玉米临时储备粮收购政策引发的问题及建议--以吉林省德惠市玉米临储粮情况为例

玉米临时储备粮收购政策扭曲了市场价格，由于临储粮收购价高于市场价格，黑、吉、辽、内蒙古等四省区玉米积压严重。本文以实地调研为基础，建设性地提出以市场机制为前提，实行价补分开，增加农田水利建设等政策建议。     

Robust grain supply chain design considering post-harvest loss and harvest timing equilibrium

This paper presents a bi-level robust optimization model, where a food company maximizes its profit and minimizes post-harvest loss by optimally deploying grain processing/storage facilities and determining grain purchase price, while a group of spatially distributed non-cooperative farmers determine harvest time, shipment, storage, and market decisions under yield uncertainty and market equilibrium. The non-cooperative behavior of the food company and the farmers is represented by a bi-level Stackelberg leader follower’s game model with mixed-integer decision variables. The proposed model and solution approach are applied to case studies for Illinois and Brazil.     

仓库现代化管理中必须狠抓的关键问题

对仓库现代化管理的思想、内涵、战略、措题非常值得观注.     

非农化进程中农户农业投资研究

随着我国非农化进程的加快，农户非农收入迅速增长，非农收入对于农户收入增长的贡献率超过了农业，农户的农业投资可能会下降；另一方面由于农业劳动力减少，继续从事农业的劳动者可以分享更多的农业收入，非农业的发展本身也会带动农业发展，从而促使农户增加农业投资。本文分析了影响农户农业投资的因素，以我国1978-2004年的数据为基础，采用Vector Autoregression模型对农户个人农业投资进行脉冲分析和方差分解，结果表明我国非农化对于促使农户增加农业投资有积极的效应。     

浅议后方油库专业岗位模拟训练

训练的模拟化是现代训练发展的方向，后方油库专业岗位模拟训练是一种新型训练方式。文章分析了模拟训练的必要性及优点，在此基础上，提出了模拟训练的几种现实可行的训练方式，对后方油库专业岗位训练具有一定的实践意义。     

粮食物流信息化建设与发展

分析了粮食物流信息化建设的需求与内容，给出了典型粮食物流管理信息系统及网络模型，介绍了粮食物流信息化建设中的关键信息技术。