Squatting as a transition problem in South Africa

This paper applies principles of transition to land tenure and squatting in South Africa. Political transition in South Africa reassigned political property rights, which produced contestable, and rent‐seeking incentives for squatting as a means to privatize land and redistribute wealth. Government failure to establish and protect private property rights in a squatter camp resulted in common‐pool problems that resisted private and public resolution with consequent rent dissipation and social loss. In response to this retreat from duty, informal agents emerged to claim their own share of the prize. Without enforceable rules of capture, the growth of squatter camps in South Africa will continue. JEL classification: D7, H8, K1, K4, R1, R4.     

The effects of transition on the distribution of income in China

Using two large samples for 1988 and 1995 we decompose the Gini coefficient of household income according to type of income with the purpose of analyzing reasons for the rapid increase of inequality. The results show that the change in relative size of money income and its changed profile are found to be the major processes behind the rapid increase of income inequality in rural China. Changes in housing allocation and an increased number of retirees in combination with higher benefits have made inequality increase in urban China and in China as a whole. JEL classification: D31, P27.     

安徽省城市用地扩展研究——以六安市为例

以六安市为例,利用相关城市统计资料、相关城市图件,对撤地设市十年来六安城区土地扩展情况进行研究,并分析其驱动力因素。得出撤地设市以来六安市城市扩展速度明显增加,尤其2008—2010年扩展量占十年来总扩展量的34．07％,且年均增加4．88kmu;城市扩展动态度和城市用地效率也呈现明显的上：升趋势。城市扩展及其方向受到了社会经济条件、人口、交通、政策等因素的影响。     

新时期西部农村地区发展电子商务物流存在的问题及对策

近年来,电子商务发展迅速,但西部农村地区由于各方面条件欠缺,电子商务物流发展缓慢.因此,我们必须根据实际,找准问题,发展好西部农村地区电子商务物流.     

划拨土地使用权益基准地价评估方法探析

本文先简要介绍了几种常用的评估方法,并对划拨土地使用权权益基准地价评估进行研究,从而提出了基于土地增值收益分配理论的评估方法思路.     

Patents,Copyrights, and Trademarks in the Early Twenty-First Century: The New Relevance of Some Old Concepts of Intellectual Property Rights

SUMMARY

After laying an historical foundation of the concept of “promonopoly” legislation in the face of a U. S. public policy devoted, since 1890, to a generally antimonopoly position, this paper examines the relevance of recent changes in the three types of domestic promonopoly law: patent law, copyright law, and trademark law. During the last thirty years of the twentieth century, and especially during the last decade of that period, all three aspects of American promonopoly legislation were strengthened. The term of copyright was extended from a maximum of fifty-six years to the lifetime of the last-living author of a work plus seventy years and coverage was broadened to extend to recordings-by a number of means-of performances; patents were lengthened in duration from seventeen years to twenty; and the law of trademarks was modified to include protection for trademark holders against “dilution,” or loss of value of trademarks due to the acts of noncompetitors. The implications and rationales of these changes are examined in the context of their effect on business life at the beginning of the third millennium. While it is too soon since the majority of these changes in law went into effect to draw definitive conclusions concerning their ultimate consequences, it does appear that, in general, their thrust is to increase the value of intellectual property to its proprietors.     

Inequality and Income Distribution in Global Value Chains

Global value chains (GVCs), led by transnational corporations (TNCs), have reshaped the world division of labor over the past two decades. GVCs are pervasive in low technology manufacturing, such as textile and apparel, as well as in more advanced industries like automobiles, electronics, and machines. This hierarchical division of labor generates wild competition at the lower value-added stages of production, where low wages and low profit margins prevail for workers and contract manufacturers in developing countries. At the top of the hierarchy another kind of competition prevails, centered on the ability to monitor and control intellectual property rights related to innovation, finance, and marketing. We argue that GVCs have had crucial effects on income inequality and the appropriation of rents in modern capitalism.     

The advanced experience of foreign countries on China＇s land leasing management

土地出让金在有效利用国土资源、调节收入分配、增加公共财政等方面发挥了积极的作用。但是,分税制改革后地方政府对土地买卖的过分依赖带来的野蛮拆迁、房价虚高等问题也随之成为阻碍城市化进程健康发展的重要因素。如何对土地出让金进行合理征收和科学管理成为当下执政者亟特解决的问题。     

蒲鲁东经济哲学思想研究

蒲鲁东经济哲学思想的中心视阈是对所有权和古典政治经济学的批判。他以所有权为批判对象,切中了批判资本主义的关键性维度,在社会主义思想史上具有重要的意义;将哲学与经济学相结合研究社会问题的思路,包含着政治经济学发展与变革的因素与可能。但是,蒲鲁东经济哲学思想的哲学基础仍然是唯心主义历史观,他的系列辩证法是对黑格尔辩证法的庸俗化。研究蒲鲁东的经济哲学思想,对于把握马克思的思想发展和变革具有重要意义。     

新时期农村信用社金融产品创新分析——以漳平市为例

深入分析漳平市农村信用社金融产品创新的现状,发现金融产品创新过程中存在金融产品和服务方式传统单一、产品普遍存在额度小、期限短等问题。结合漳平市自身条件从六个方面提出促进农村信用社金融产品创新的对策建议,主要途径是把握客户需求并细分市场、调整优化农村金融配置资源、营造良好金融生态环境、完善农村金融市场产品线、大力发展中间业务、提高农村信用社人力资源利用效率。