The effect of exchange rate changes on trade balances in the short and long run

Using generalized impulse response functions, this study tests for the trade J‐curve for three transitional central European countries – the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland – in their bilateral trade with respect to Germany. Our findings suggest that for each country there are some characteristics associated with a J‐curve effect: after a (real or nominal) depreciation the export‐to‐import ratio briefly drops to below its initial value within a few months and then rises to a long run equilibrium value higher than the initial one.     

Trade and Biotechnology in Latin America: Democratization, Contestation and the Politics of Mobilization

This research explores the role of agrarian and environmental movements in contesting the development and promotion of agricultural biotechnology through trade liberalization in Latin America. Organized around themes of mobilization, participation and representation, it raises key questions about who mobilizes and how, and about the strategic dilemmas that arise when movements with different histories, membership bases and cultures of protest attempt to work together. Issues of accountability, representation and participation run through the analysis of strategies of organization and claim-making adopted by an eclectic range of groups seeking to contest the role of biotechnology in the structure of agricultural production, the institutions that manage that relationship and the discourses which sustain it. In particular, analysis centres on their responsiveness to the concerns and agendas of poorer groups in the front line of the 'gene revolution' as it plays out in the Latin American countryside, in particular in Argentina and Brazil, the key players in biotechnology in the region.     

Uncertainty reduction mechanisms in cross-sector alliances in Latin America

The present study explores three uncertainty reduction mechanisms that arise in the context of business alliance formation to assess whether these same mechanisms also operate in the development of alliances between non-profits and businesses. Secondary data from field-based case studies of Latin American cross-sector alliances are the focus of this analysis. The findings show that the same mechanisms operate to reduce uncertainty in cross-sector alliance formation and that alliance experience appears to determine the presence of some mechanisms.     

哥伦布发现美洲的动因和影响

哥伦布发现美洲是世界史上的划时代大事 ,使世界历史发生了历史性的变化 ,是人类历史的一个重大转折点。它打破了世界各民族的原始封闭隔离状态 ,扩大了世界各民族间相互影响活动范围 ,从而使世界历史开始形成。本文就哥伦布发现美洲的动因和所产生的影响做一些肤浅的论述。     

论物流理念的产生与发展

论述了物流概念、物流理念在美国、日本、中国的产生与发展过程及供应链管理的产生背景,阐明了商品交易活动的四个流程和认识现代物流的三个层次。     

洋务运动时期幼童留学的当代思考

洋务运动时期幼童留学由于诸多原因,最终半途而废,没有收到预期的效果,但它开创了我国留学教育 的先河,为当代提供了经验教训。20世纪90年代中期,我国形成了改革开放以来的第四次出国留学高潮,留学日益 呈低龄化趋势。从总体而言,留学低龄化是社会进步的表现,但带来不少问题,需要予以关注和引导。     

美、日地方公债制度的比较研究及其借鉴

随着经济的发展和政府职能由管理型向服务型的转变，地方政府在提供公共产品方面的财政支出规模也随之扩大。为了解决地方政府资金供需之间的矛盾，允许地方政府发行债券已是大势所趋。对美、日发达国家地方公债的发行情况进行研究，会对我国地方政府发行公债有所启示。     

豫中优质烟草产区微量元素地球化学

本文主要介绍河南省中部地区优质烟草产区岩石、土壤等介质中微量元素分布特征及其迁移演化规律。简要讨论了烟草品质与微量元素的关系。     

对美国新经济的认识

所谓新经济 ,其实是对美国经济领域出现的新现象、新变化、新趋势的反映和描述。新经济虽然对美国2 0世纪经济繁荣功不可没 ,但无论在哪个方面都还作用有限。我们要结合国情认真研究新经济动向 ,促进对新经济的消化、吸收 ,最重要的是应按照既定的步骤完成我们的战略目标。