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本文运用66个国家2001-2009年的双边股权资本流动数据,采用Heckman两阶段模型考察了制度水平对双边股权资本流动的影响。实证研究表明,母国和东道国的制度水平对股权资本投资决策和投资规模均具有显著的促进作用,但母国的制度水平起着决定性作用,一系列的稳健性检验也证实了制度水平对双边股权资本流动的作用是稳健的。此外,本文的研究还发现,传统的直接运用引力模型对双边资本流动的估计是有偏的,而Heckman两阶段估计是无偏估计。 相似文献
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The purpose of this paper is to determine who is willing to pay (WTP) for a greener event by applying a Contingent Valuation (CV) approach together with an experimental design. To identify the cheap talkers a survey was conducted at the Wacky Wine Festival in South Africa, were 474 respondents participated. Using a Heckman two-step approach, the results confirmed that the decision to contribute depends on behavioural and motivational factors, while the amount is income-dependent. The extent of cheap talking is significant, with a 50% deviation in stated and revealed behaviour. Besides cheap talkers, another category is identified, namely “ethicals”, who contribute their voucher to the tree planting project without indicating that they are willing to pay. 相似文献
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文章利用中国家庭金融调查2013年发布的调查数据,分别构建非参数次序probit模型和Heckman模型检验了影响城乡家庭信贷约束状况和贷款可得性的相关因素。结果表明,户主受教育程度和家庭收入水平提高、家庭资产规模增加等都能缓解家庭的信贷约束,户主的党员身份、大学以上的受教育程度以及家庭资产规模等能提高家庭的贷款可得性,户主年龄、风险偏好等变量对家庭信贷规模的边际效应显著为负,而尽管城市家庭和东部地区家庭获得的贷款支持更多,但是城市家庭和东部地区家庭还是面临着更大信贷约束。 相似文献
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《Journal of Education for Business》2012,87(6):332-338
The authors investigated whether the curricular structure of an economics course (semester, trimester, or compressed block schedule) has an effect on an undergraduate's subsequent retention of course material, while controlling for other relevant differences. They tested separately for theoretical or process comprehension and for graphical construction or interpretation, while separating microeconomics from macroeconomics content as well. They used an instrument to address the no-stakes testing problem, and their Heckman two-stage estimations present some interesting results for educators and institutional policymakers alike. 相似文献
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目的 现阶段,我国化肥低效、过量施用的现象较为普遍,不仅增加农作物种植成本,还会对农业生态环境造成严重负面影响。因此,优化施肥结构,推广有机肥替代化肥对于加快实现农业绿色高质量发展具有重要意义。文章以设施蔬菜为例,从技术环境视角出发,以技术创新扩散理论为基础,分析了菜农有机肥技术采纳行为的影响因素。方法 基于河南省440份设施菜农的调研数据,利用Heckman两阶段模型分析了技术环境对菜农是否采纳有机肥技术和采纳程度的影响,并运用Logit模型和断尾回归模型进行稳健性检验。结果 研究结果表明,大多数设施菜农都采纳了有机肥技术,但采纳程度较低。有机肥使用成本、家庭务农数量、农产品畅销度、农产品价值认可度、参加技术培训和有机肥补贴政策对菜农是否采纳有机肥技术具有显著影响,而有机肥购买成本、有机肥使用成本、家庭务农数量、蔬菜种植规模、农产品价值认可度和有机肥补贴政策对菜农有机肥技术采纳程度具有显著影响。结论 政府部门可以采用多元化培训、跟踪式咨询服务、社群型学习小组等方式创新菜农有机肥技术培训模式,同时,通过加大有机肥补贴范围和力度、加快有机肥施用机械设备研发等措施降低菜农有机肥替代成本,从而提高菜农有机肥技术采纳行为。 相似文献
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基于拒绝推论的小企业信用评分模型研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在小企业信用评分模型的构建中,因数据缺失和样本选择性偏差可能导致模型参数估计有偏,对模型的预测能力和应用会有很大影响。本文利用从万德数据库中筛选出的小企业信息资料,模拟银行信贷筛选,产生带有缺失数据的模拟信贷样本,利用Heckman二阶段模型预测新的信用评分模型,将其结果与忽略缺失数据的审查模型和基于完全信息的标准模型进行比较。结果显示,Heckman二阶段模型的表现优于直接忽略缺失样本数据的审查模型,更接近标准模型的结果。这表明拒绝推论能够有效解决信用评分建模中数据缺失导致的样本选择偏差,提高信用评分模型的有效性和预测能力。 相似文献
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在低关税的时代,快速通关很可能是打破贸易壁垒,推动国际贸易发展的重要手段。文章从四个方面总结了快速通关对国际贸易的影响机制,并基于2008-2010年113个国家相互之间的出口数据,使用 Heckman两步选择模型进行了实证研究。结果显示,快速通关对贸易参与和贸易规模都有着显著的促进作用,从多个角度进行稳健性检验后,该结论依然成立。快速通关可以通过需求偏好效应、成本效应与全球化生产网络效应和遏制日益强化的非关税贸易壁垒的负面效应,使得多边谈判所形成的关税降低的效应得以真正发挥。此外,文章还发现,自由贸易协定的建立,提升了通关效率与边境管理的透明度,进而提高了国家间的贸易量。文章的研究结论对于理解目前中国建立自由贸易区以及实施在贸易谈判中主导快速通关的措施或建立条款,打破技术贸易壁垒具有重要的意义。 相似文献
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The veterinary industry has been plagued by low growth in income, yet flourished in growth of new veterinarians. By using a labour-/work-hour approach that allows for proper matching of the data, we develop a supply and demand model of companion animal services in the veterinary medicine profession. We use data from two unique sources that allow demand estimation by companion animal type and lets supply vary by practice type. The results here suggest that low income growth, relative to doctors and dentists, may be from allowing supply to outpace demand for veterinary services. 相似文献
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Wheat yields from reported performance test results are of economic importance to wheat producers, since their profits depend on selecting the optimal variety for their location. However, our data shows differences in absolute and relative wheat yields between commercial and public wheat breeding program's performance test data in Kansas. Newly available data are used to test if the difference in yields arose from potential selectivity bias, and to determine the contribution of private and public wheat breeding programs to varietal yield improvement during 2007–2012. Both Heckman selection models and multiple regression showed no statistical evidence of the potential presence of selectivity bias rather, managerial practices, agronomic conditions, field location, and inherent genetic traits of the seed variety were identify as the source of yield differences. 相似文献