Bank Competition and its Determinants: Evidence from Indian Banking

Abstract

This paper measures the degree of bank competition in India using a sample of 70 commercial banks over the period 1996–2016. To assess the degree of competition, we estimate the market power of each bank in our sample employing three nonstructural measures: the Lerner index, the adjusted Lerner index, and the Boone indicator. Bank-wise and year-wise estimates of the marginal cost required in all these measures are obtained using the semi-parametric method. The paper further attempts to undertake a comprehensive assessment of competition in Indian banking and identifies various bank-specific, macroeconomic, structural, and contestability indicators, which are supposed to explain level and variation of the degree of competition over time. Empirical findings reveal that public-sector banks in India exercise a relatively higher degree of bank competition compared to private and foreign-sector banks. However, aggregate results support that the Indian banking system is competitive in general. Unlike the structure-conduct-performance paradigm, which advocates that a concentrated banking system impairs competitiveness, our findings reveal that concentration measures hardly exert any effect on bank competition. Rather, contestability measures play a significant role in the determination of bank competition.     

仿制药专利挑战机制解释学分析与进路选择

仿制药专利挑战机制是我国药品专利链接制度的核心环节。在现有规范体系下进行制度构建，存在同现行《专利法》抵触的问题，通过立法或释法活动化解这种冲突具有必要性。在解释学范式下对仿制药品专利挑战侵权拟制、侵权解释两种立法进路进行推演和反思，并辅之以制度体系、国际比较、法律政策、经济分析等视角，可得出拟制进路更为可行的结论。在拟制进路下进行制度构建，应遵循法律拟制技术规范，并妥善处理制度配套问题。     

A multicriteria model for the assessment of rural development plans in Greece

In the last decades rural communities face the problems of ageing of population, high share of elder farmers and imbalanced distribution of farmers across age classes. The Rural Development Plans (RDPs) of Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) in European Union (EU) are the policy instruments that affect agriculture and the people living in rural areas. The RDP measure “Setting up Young Farmers” aims to fight the demographic problems of these areas. This study is an attempt to highlight the role and the impacts of RDPs and especially of the “Setting up Young Farmers” measure in the prefecture of Thessaloniki in Greece. To this end, a multicriteria mathematical programming model was implemented. This methodology was chosen using the Knowledge Brokerage Approach in the context of the LIAISE project, which proposes a set of support modules that are linked to the impact assessment process with a final goal to support future policies and design. The results showed that the “Setting up young farmers” measure achieved its goals to transfer land to young, trained farmers, to offset the set-up costs faced by young people when establishing themselves in farming.     

基于环境视角的先进生产性服务业创业策略

先进生产性服务业组织的产生和发展与环境有着密切的联系。在回顾先进生产性服务业组织特点的基础上,结合创业管理关于新组织生成的研究成果,提炼出影响先进生产性服务组织生成的环境系统和作用框架,并基于此框架进一步提出针对该类组织的创业策略。具体而言,新创生产性服务业组织要关注经济环境和工业化进程所带来的机会、特殊产业环境对于新创组织位置选择及知识溢出的影响,以及企业微观生存环境中的关联企业间的互动和合作创新带来的绩效提升。     

A New Typology for Economic Sectors with a view to Policy Implications

This paper is an attempt to tease out a typology of economic sectors based on a systems approach to innovation and economic growth that may be useful for policy analysis. The typology explored here revolves around novel products rather than ethereal knowledge-producing entities. This insight goes back to Allyn Young (1928) and Joseph Schumpeter (1934) who argued that the introduction of new goods was the engine of economic growth. More precisely, our typology of sectors focuses on novel products which are efficiency-enhancing within and between sectors through the market mechanism. The scheme revolves around the relationship between 'Enabling' and 'Recipient' sectors (which gives the typology its name: ER), and offers a lens for viewing and interpreting a substantive part of the mechanics of modern economic growth. The last part of the paper briefly discusses a few immediate policy implications, although it has the potential for greater use and value in this regard.     

任务型教学法在教学中的应用及影响

文章介绍了任务型教学法的基本概况,阐述了如何将任务型教学法有效引入大学英语教学,探讨了任务型教学法对大学英语教学的影响。     

The Logical Framework Approach–Millennium

The Logical Framework Approach (LFA) has proved to be a valuable tool for project approval, design, and evaluation. However, a few pitfalls make it hard to use within today's project management framework and to integrate with other project management tools. This article proposes an updated version of the LFA to improve its compatibility with today's corporate culture, project management framework, and tools. We propose to call the updated tool the Logical Framework Approach–Millennium (LFA‐M). The LFA‐M is a seven‐step approach leading to the development of the Logframe‐Millennium (LF‐M), a five‐column and four‐line matrix describing major project commitments and providing an overall understanding of the project. It was successfully implemented at the Canadian Space Agency and the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission. The LFA‐M fits well within today's project management framework and corporate culture and leads easily to other project management tools.     

数控刀具预调装置的项目教学法探索

项目教学法是工科类高校先进的教学手段,本文通过对数控刀具预调装置的课题阐述了对项目教学法的认识,以及如何在现代制造技术教学中应用项目教学法完成数控刀具预调装置的课题,从而不断完善现代制造技术教学体系。     

高校廉洁管理路径探析

廉洁文化是社会主义先进文化的重要组成部分。在高校推行廉洁化管理不仅是和谐高校构建的需要,还是我国反腐败战略的重要组成部分。当前,高校推行廉洁化管理,必须构建全员育廉、全程育廉、全方位育廉三种范式,并在实践中通过健全制度、利用载体和形成合力来完善这三种范式。     

教育对地区内收入差距的贡献:来自上海微观数据的考察

作为人力资本的一个度量,教育对于收入差距的贡献一直受到广泛的关注,但却研究不够.本文借助上海市1431户家庭的微观数据,估计了一个包含教育变量的收入决定函数,然后在基于回归分析的收入差距分解框架内,运用最新发展起来的夏普里值过程(Shapley Value Approach),分解出了教育对于收入差距的贡献大小.通过比较发现,与地区间差距的情形不同,教育对于地区内收入差距而言是最重要的影响因素.