The cognitive and the action-oriented elements of competence along the innovation process – evidence from R&D teams in the medical equipment sector

Abstract

Organizations are constantly searching for ways to enhance their innovative capacity and to sustain their competitive advantage. Much of the literature focuses on knowledge as the key driver for this pursuit. Unlike other studies, we define experience and knowledge as two basic elements of competence by borrowing from the experiential and cognitive learning theories and contrast their impact on the innovativeness of R&D teams. Building on the competence based perspective, we posit that the differences in competence inputs explain variations in team innovation performance along the innovation process. To test our assumptions, we analyzed the aggregated knowledge and experience levels for different technology competences of 868 employees in 49 R&D teams in a large contract-engineering corporation in the medical equipment sector. The findings reveal that technology experience is particularly fruitful within innovation implementation and is a driver for successful market introduction. The research contributes to the understanding when competence elements are especially important.     

Service with improper requests: How fellow customers interpret Employee's judgment call

In this paper, we examined the impact of different judgment calls by service personnel on service satisfaction, in response to inappropriate requests from customers. Based on the stereotype content model, we propose that employees servicing with these requests are often evaluated on two fundamental dimensions, warmth and competence, and the accessibility of one dimension over the other determines overall service satisfaction of fellow customers. Through three experiments, the current research shows that fellow customers perceive service employees who consent to an improper request as higher in warmth but lower in competence than those who reject the request. However, when the compliance has serious consequences for a fellow customer, this negatively affects the competence evaluation but not the warmth evaluation, which in turn reduce customer satisfaction. When the focal customer suffers from the serious consequences, this positively affect both competence and warmth perception, which in turn enhance fellow customer satisfaction. This research could be used to identify ways to handle improper requests made by customers.     

The influence of perceived credibility on purchase intention via competence and authenticity

Due to the significant role of authenticity in the restaurant business, restaurateurs proactively make authenticity claims. However, the literature has rarely examined whether customers view these claims as credible and how the credibility of these claims influences dining intention. Thus, this study examines customers’ perceived credibility of authenticity claims based on the authenticator claiming authenticity, restaurant ownership type, and restaurant history. Furthermore, utilizing trust-transfer theory, this study proposes and tests a model that links customers’ perceived credibility of a restaurant’s authenticity claims, perceived restaurant competence, perceived restaurant authenticity, and purchase intention. The results show that the authenticator of authenticity claims and restaurant ownership type influence the perceived credibility of authenticity claims. Additionally, the perceived credibility of authenticity claims influences customers’ dining intention indirectly through restaurant competence and constructed authenticity.     

苏州旅游服务贸易竞争力影响因素的实证研究

本文运用实证的方法分析了苏州旅游服务贸易竞争力的影响因素，得出了友好城市个数和星级饭店数量是影响苏州旅游服务贸易竞争力的结论，提出了政府要扩大友好城市数量、加深友好城市合作空间、提高扩大旅行社数量、提高国际旅行社服务质量等对策和建议。     

城市竞争力研究综述

本文对城市竞争力的相关概念进行了辨析。这些概念主要有：比较优势、竞争优势、核心竞争力等。在梳理这些概念的同时对这些概念与城市竞争力的关系进行了分析，确定了本文研究的城市竞争力概念。     

CAS理论视角:财务核心能力系统演化过程探析

财务核心能力在企业发展过程中呈现动态性。本文运用CAS理论对财务核心能力系统的演化过程进行分析,确定了财务核心能力系统是一个复杂适应系统,根据CAS理论原理建立财务核心能力系统演化过程模型,并将该过程分为确定主体、主体个体演化以及系统整体演化三个阶段。     

大学生创业能力结构的理论分析与实证检验

大学生创业能力研究对建设创业型经济、完善高校教育体系和促进人的全面自由发展具有重要意义。通过理论与文献梳理,结合个案访谈结果,将大学生创业能力划分为机会发掘能力、组织管理能力、战略决策能力、资源整合能力、创新创造能力和挫折承受能力6个维度。根据因子内涵定义和相关学者研究成果,设计了大学生创业能力测量量表,并对江苏省高校进行了实证数据采集,验证了大学生创业能力结构的信度和效度。     

创意产业园区升级过程中资源整合与双元能力演化路径

从组织能力演化的微观视角,探索创意产业园区资源整合对于双元能力演化路径的影响机制。对M50创意产业园区的纵向案例分析表明,资源整合过程为园区平衡发展探索能力和利用能力提供了资源基础,满足其两类能力发展对资源的竞争性需求。受资源整合过程影响,园区对政府资源、创意资源、园区资源的利用和探索能力的演化路径分别呈现出间断性均衡、协调发展和并行发展特征。另外,在探索活动中获得的新知识和新能力丰富了利用活动的内容。     

Reinforcing customer loyalty through service employees’ competence and benevolence

The present study aims to investigate how service employees’ competence and benevolence can influence customer loyalty. A hierarchical multiple regression with interaction analysis was performed on data collected from 1296 customers in a financial service provider. The results show a significant interaction between competence and benevolence in their influence on customer loyalty. These results reinforce the idea that benevolence can be used to enhance the effect of competence on customer loyalty. The managerial and research implications of the reported study are discussed.     

企业核心竞争力缺失原因及其防范途径

核心竞争力缺失是众多企业面临的问题。在对核心竞争力缺失的含义、状态特征、判断识别分析的基础上,探讨了导致企业核心竞争力缺失的原因,提出了防范企业核心竞争力缺失的途径。