知识势差、知识隐匿与知识进化：组织惰性的调节作用

知识经济时代，企业能否发现并利用知识演进规律对提升自身知识质量和知识创造能力尤为重要。引入知识隐匿和组织惰性，构建知识势差对知识进化影响路径的概念模型。结合高新技术企业调研数据进行实证分析，并试图诠释企业知识进化实现过程的逻辑原理。实证结果表明，知识势差对知识适应进化和变异进化具有正向影响，对知识遗传进化具有负向影响。知识隐匿在知识势差与知识进化之间起着部分负向中介作用，组织惰性对知识势差及知识进化间关系具有调节作用。     

Spatial and temporal analyses of potential land use conflict under the constraints of water resources in the middle reaches of the Heihe River

With the rapid urbanization in China, land resources are becoming increasingly scarce. Identifying and resolving land use conflict is essential for reasonably using land resources and achieving land sustainability. Taking the middle reaches of the Heihe River as an example, we included the constraints of local water resources to construct a multi-criteria evaluation system for assessing land use competitiveness in 2000 and 2015 based on land use, socio-economic, and nighttime light data. By comparing the competitiveness of cultivated land, construction land and ecological land, we then derived the spatiotemporal patterns of potential land use conflicts. Actual land use changes supported the hypothesis that land use tended to convert into the type with higher competitiveness at areas with intense conflict, which better indicated that our assessment model was effective. The results showed that the potential land use conflict was more acute in the central and northwest but weak in the southeast and northeast, and its pattern showed a significantly positive spatial autocorrelation. The conflict between cultivated land and construction land was most prominent and mainly occurred in the transitional zone from urban to rural areas. Rapid urban development and water shortage were the main causes of the potential land use conflict. Assessing land use multi-functions and making a tradeoff among ecological, economic, and social services will be an effective way to guide future land use to solve land use conflict. Our research provides scientific evidence for sustainable land use planning and management in the arid areas.     

技术并购能够带来技术创新效应吗 ——收购公司成长潜力视角

选择2009—2017年我国A股高科技产业上市公司并购事件作为研究对象，考察技术并购能否给收购公司带来技术创新效应，以及收购公司成长潜力水平对技术并购与技术创新效应的调节作用，并进一步从两维度区分不同类型技术并购以检验其技术创新效应差异。结果发现：技术并购能够显著带来技术创新产出效应和技术创新促进效应；收购公司成长潜力越大，技术并购带来的技术创新效应越显著。此外，相对技术进入型并购，技术巩固型并购更能给收购公司带来显著技术创新效应，而国内技术并购与跨境技术并购带来的技术创新效应不存在显著差异。     

Exploitative and exploratory innovations in emerging economies: The role of realized absorptive capacity and learning intent

This paper investigates the mediating effect of learning intent in transforming local suppliers’ potential absorptive capacity into realized absorptive capacity and its impact on exploitative and exploratory innovation. Using survey data from 155 auto parts manufacturers in Pakistan, we find that local firms’ realized absorptive capacity enables them to develop both exploitative and exploratory innovations. The findings further suggest that local suppliers’ learning intent mediates the relationship between potential and realized absorptive capacity which in turn lead to both types of innovation. In the context of the emerging economy of Pakistan, local suppliers’ absorptive capacity is found to be critically important in spurring exploitative and exploratory innovation, but learning intent enables realized absorptive capacity and thus in conjunction with realized absorptive capacity supports innovation. Consequently, there would be a strong case for policy intervention to assist emerging economy firms in building their absorptive capacity and strengthening their learning intent as a route for promoting innovation and improving their value added position in the global value chains of multinational enterprises.     

中国对虾出口贸易的影响因素及潜力分析——基于贸易引力模型

选取中国与主要对虾出口市场 2003-2017年的对虾贸易面板数据。运用引力模型对各影响因素进行回归分析。结果表明。出口市场的经济水平、中国的对虾产量以及 APEC成员对中国对虾的出口有着促进作用。中国与各出口市场的地理距离以及对虾疾病 EMS对对虾的出口有着较弱的阻碍作用。并根据引力模型测算了各出口市场的贸易潜力。其中美国等 12个国家和地区属于潜力再造型出口市场。加拿大属于潜力开拓型出口市场。日本、澳大利亚等15个国家和地区属于潜力巨大型出口市场。根据分析及测算结果分别从企业和政府的角度提出了促进对虾出口贸易发展的政策建议。     

巴中市农田土壤重金属分布及生态风险评价

[目的]通过测定秦巴山区巴中市农田土壤中镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、锌(Zn)3种重金属元素的含量及分布特征,为农田重金属防治科学决策的制定提供数据支撑。[方法]文章采用内梅罗指数和潜在生态风险指数来综合评价巴中市土壤重金属污染状况。[结果]巴中市农田土壤锌平均含量比四川省丘陵地区背景值高6.78%,而镉和铅含量均未超出其背景值,总体评价良好,但各检测点之间差异较大,镉含量最多超出背景值5.7倍。内梅罗指数评价结果显示,全市平均综合污染指数为1.10,接近清洁状态。潜在生态风险指数评价结果显示,其最小值为15.94,最大值为177.74,平均值为35.38。[结论]巴中市农田土壤重金属污染状况基本处于低度风险级别,但各地块污染程度不尽一致,应因地制宜,采取适当措施治理土壤污染。     

两类区域产业转移发生机制的路径选择研究

产业转移在推动地区经济发展,缩小区域经济发展差距等方面具有显著作用。在产业转移路径方面,现有研究主要关注两区域之间的产业转移发生行为。将现有两区域产业转移发生机制拓展到两类区域的产业转移,并运用产业转移势差模型,基于经济、产业、成本、交易成本和技术5个方面势差,建立产业转移评价指标体系,对两类区域产业之间的转移路径进行探讨。得出研究结论:1基于势差理论的两类区域产业转移发生机制是对两区域产业转移发生机制的扩展,将产业转移的"一对一"模式扩展至"一对多"模式,能更好地解释区域间产业转移发生路径;2以广东(发达类型区)对江西、湖南和安徽(欠发达类型区)三地的产业转移为例,广东至湖南的转移势差最小,相对于江西和安徽更不具有转移优势,通过对各子指标的调控,可以改变其转移势差,以达到改变其转移路径选择的结果。最后,基于研究结论,提出了推动我国两类区域产业转移的政策建议。     

Strategic complementarities and nested potential games

This paper reports that every finite game of strategic complementarities is a nested pseudo-potential game defined by Uno [Uno, H., 2007. Nested potential games. Economics Bulletin 3(17), 1–8] if the action set of each player is one-dimensional, except possibly for one player.     

WTO内“潜在利益”的保护:一种新的贸易干涉工具

在美国投诉欧共体"香蕉贸易体制案"中,专家组和上诉机构均支持了美国基于"潜在利益"所享有的"投诉资格"。联合国秘书长将此案作为WTO援引国家责任条款草案第42条和第48条的例证。在此背景基础上,考虑到国家基于某些WTO协议所承担的义务具有"对一切"的性质,以及WTO内既存"非违法之诉"的事实,"潜在利益"有被用作贸易干涉工具的可能性。作为贸易干涉工具的"潜在利益",既有利于促进国家更好地履行WTO义务,也可能被贸易强国用作扩张自身利益的工具。     

我国液态生物质燃料适度发展规模研究——宏观经济视角的分析

本文通过构建简单的总供给一总需求模型,分析石油数量调控政策、潜在产出水平与均衡价格上涨之间的数理逻辑关系,进而间接得到液态生物质燃料适度规模问题的一般分析框架,为进一步的定量分析打下坚实基础。研究结果表明:为达到潜在产出水平和一定的价格上涨水平,不同的现实条件要求政府实行不同的石油数量调控政策。