Influence of country and company characteristics on international business decisions: A review,conceptual model,and propositions

This research advances four propositions and a conceptual model of country and company characteristics influencing key International Business Decisions (IBDs). The IBDs in this study are country selection and evaluation, entry mode, segmentation-targeting-positioning, and the marketing mix – the first two in the international business domain, and the latter two in the international marketing field. The conceptual model and related four propositions are advanced, based on an extensive literature review and subsequent in-depth review of 169 published research papers on major IBDs and their determinants, namely, country characteristics, including opportunities, risks, and various distances between the host country and home country, and company characteristics, which include international business experience, assets/resources, and expansion/growth strategies. Managerial implications and directions for future research are discussed.     

一部戏影响一座城

2008年央视开年大戏《闯关东》热闹荧屏,让人再一次提到鲁剧这一品牌,而《闯关东》里经常说的一句俺是章丘朱家峪的,蓦然间让朱家峪这座江北第一古村闪亮在人们的视野。一时间,从旅游线路、景点建设、山东菜系、旅游工艺品等四个方面入手,朱家峪要被打造成山东的乔家大院、中国北方的周庄。     

外资并购我国企业的动因及对经济的影响

随着跨国公司在我国并购活动的日益增多，外资并购给中国经济带来了正面和负面双重影响．为了保护我国民族工业，促进我国经济健康持续地发展，应积极稳妥地利用外资并购，趋利弊害，消除负面影响，拉动经济增长。     

The development of the group accounts disclosure system in Japan

The Japanese disclosure system of consolidated statements was introduced in 1977 and extensively revised in 1997. The role of the bureaucracy has been significant in these developments and seems to be part of Japan's closed culture. However, other explanations could also be applied. In particular, although Japanese firms opposed such disclosures on the basis of preparation costs, the Japanese government had to modernize the disclosure system, including consolidation, in order to develop the securities market regardless of an individual company's interests.     

The rise of cost accounting: evidence from Italy

Accounting historians link the origins of cost accounting to the rise of manufacturing firms and, in a more detailed way, to efficiency control, pricing and decision-making problems faced in those organizations. To date, the international debate has mainly focused on practices in the USA, Great Britain and France, with little evidence available of developments in other countries, such as Italy. In this paper, the authors analyse the development of cost accounting in an Italian firm, 'La Magona d'Italia'. This iron, steel and tinplate firm, situated in Piombino, is observed over the period 1865-1940, i.e. during the central phase of the industrial revolution in Italy. We find that several factors influenced the implementation of a cost accounting system at Magona, including efficiency control, strategic decision making, and stock valuation. We also find a strong British influence on Magona's strategy, organization and information system, particularly in respect of finance, managers, technology and accounting practices. There is little evidence that Italian accounting traditions and practice played much of a role.     

Understanding how retail environments are perceived: a conceptualization and a pilot study

A conceptual framework for understanding how perceptions of retail environments are formed is developed in this paper. In developing the framework, three main issues receive theoretical attention. First, the problem of conceptualizing retail environments is tackled. Second, the dimensions of environmental perception are discussed from the standpoint of retail arenas. Third, the factors that moderate how different retail environments are perceived are treated producing a few research propositions. The article also reports the findings of a pilot study. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses are conducted and they show that the separate perceptual dimensions manifest themselves in distinct ways in different retail environments. Finally, the theoretical and managerial implications are discussed and future research suggestions are spelled out.     

人民币升值对中国当前宏观经济运行的影响研究

为了降低人民币升值对中国经济造成的不利影响,通过对引起人民币升值的政治与经济原因分析,人民币升值对中国宏观经济运行影响的探讨,提出应通过扩大内需、优化对外贸易结构、促进产业结构升级、推动人民币兑换自由化等措施应对人民币升值,力保中国经济平稳健康发展。     

创业项目选择互联网众筹影响因素研究

互联网创业项目众筹是近几年刚起步的一种商业融资模式,需要众筹的创业项目首先需考虑众筹投资者决策影响因素。建立了互联网创业项目因素、投资者个人因素和众筹平台影响因素决策模型,通过理论假设、调查问卷数据采集和二分类Logistic回归方法分析众筹投资者决策行为主要影响因素。结果显示,在显著水平0.05下,性别、婚姻状况、对创业发起者的支持、对众筹项目的感兴趣程度、众筹项目前景、创业项目风险、创业项目发起人能力、众筹项目回报与投资者期望一致、众筹平台知名度、众筹平台对投资者利益的保护程度是主要影响因素。结论可为互联网创业项目众筹设计、可行性分析和获得投资提供依据,也可为互联网创业众筹研究提供理论指导。     

跨国资本进入对福建省产业集中度影响的实证分析

跨国资本已成为福建省市场的重要参与者,在福建省市场中占有重要地位。随着跨国资本的大举进入,福建省市场过度竞争导致产业集中度下滑的趋势得到了有效遏制。尽管目前跨国资本的进入与福建省产业集中度的正相关效应尚不显著,但从趋势看,跨国资本的进入对提升福建省的产业集中度将起很大的促进作用,并存在“控市”的可能性。而对跨国公司的市场准入实行完全的或大规模的限制是不现实的;尽快发展壮大能与跨国公司抗衡的国内竞争者才是正确的选择。     

中国外商直接投资中的撤资问题探析

随着中国外商直接投资的增长,外商撤资也在逐渐增加。但数据显示,目前中国外商撤资的规模不大,也未发现有大规模撤资的趋势。造成中国外商撤资的原因多种多样,总体而言,小规模的外商撤资并未给中国经济带来太大的负面作用,某些类型的外商撤资还可能对中国经济的发展具有积极作用。基于此,中国政府一方面应采取各种政策措施预防外商的大规模撤资,另一方面要做好外商撤资后的各种应对工作。