文化产业、创意经济与和谐社会

随着社会转型的发生,促进文化产业的发展正在成为推动经济增长的重要途径.而文化产业自身的空间集聚特征,使借助市场力量的城市再开发和通过规划培育创意经济成为塑造创新文化气氛、营销城市的重要政策工具.然而全球化的宏观背景不仅使这种以营造独特和多元地方文化为初衷的努力往往以千篇一律的形体景观和单调社会构成的结果出现,而且通常也是以发展中国家劳动力和社会弱势群体的利益遭受侵害为代价的.因此,在中国,成功发展文化产业不单需要研究如何将针对具体地方特点的市场和规划手段相互结合,以实现真正的创新,更需要警醒地认识到文化产业发展过程中的社会福利效应.从而达到建设和谐社会的根本目标.     

城市扩展的两个均衡条件及其政策含义

论文认为中国的快速城市化侵占了大量的耕地,是迫使粮食在质量差的土地上生产的重要因素之一,造成了巨大的外部成本,应将其整合到城市扩展的代价中,以提高农业对土地的竞争性,求得城乡之间良好平衡.在这个基础上,还应在市区改造和新区建设之间取得平衡,即边缘地块上地租的净增加值应相等.收取的外部费用要用于土地的农业生产外部不经济性治理.土地管理应城乡整合,包括都市更新与新区建设通盘考虑.论文的研究等价于说,如果做到了如上所迷,那么城市扩展导致的土地价值上升部分就能够覆盖它的社会代价:基础设施建设的投入、拆迁投入、土地生产力建设投入和消除土地的农业生产外部不经济性投入.城市发展用地和农业用地会处在一个比较公平的竞争环境中,取得良好的平衡.     

Razing San Francisco: The 1906 disaster as a natural experiment in urban redevelopment

Urban developers face frictions in the process of redeveloping land, the timing of which depends on many economic factors. This timing can be disrupted by a large shock that destroys thousands of buildings, which could then have substantial short-run and long-run effects. Studying the impact of an urban disaster, therefore, can provide unique insight into urban dynamics. Exploiting the 1906 San Francisco Fire as an exogenous reduction in the city’s building stock, this paper examines residential density across razed and unburned areas between 1900 and 2011. In prominent residential neighborhoods, density increased at least 60 percent in razed areas relative to unburned areas by 1914, and a large density differential still exists today. These outcomes suggest that thriving cities face substantial redevelopment frictions in the form of durable buildings and that large shocks can greatly alter the evolution of urban land-use outcomes over time.     

多元利益视角下的城市"棕色土地"再开发管理

在环境治理领域,利益相关方的共同参与已经得到了广泛认可。本文在对城市"棕色土地"再开发涉及的多元利益群体不同利益诉求分析的基础上,从完善城市"棕色土地"再开发的环境评估机制、构建城市"棕色地块"再开发资金筹措机制以及建立城市"棕色土地"再开发多利益方全过程参与机制三个方面尝试提出了城市"棕色土地"再开发管理机制。     

重庆市生态农业建设成效与发展对策

重庆市生态农业建设试点示范已扩大到15个区县(市)，成功地创建了城市郊区、丘陵平坝区、中低山区、三峡库区四大区域生态农业建设模式，取得了良好的经济、生态、社会三大效益，促进了生态、经济的良性循环。但重庆市生态农业建设，仍面临生态环境脆弱、贫困面大、基础设施差、移民任务重、人地矛盾突出等严峻问题，就此提出了7大对策。     

The brownfield dual land-use policy challenge: reducing barriers to private redevelopment while connecting reuse to broader community goals

Brownfields are abandoned or under-utilised sites with known or suspected environmental contamination. Public-sector efforts to promote brownfields redevelopment face a dual land-use policy challenge. On the one hand, government agencies must help reduce the barriers to private-sector reuse by addressing the uncertainties created by four major issues: legal liability for contamination; uncertain cleanup standards; availability of funding for redevelopment; and complicated regulatory requirements. On the other hand, brownfields reuse must be connected to wider community efforts to achieve environmental protection, central city revitalisation and reduced suburban sprawl. This involves tackling sustainable development and environmental justice issues: the marketability of brownfields; the social costs and benefits of developing greenfields versus redeveloping brownfields and meaningful community participation. This paper examines the progress by US local, state and federal agencies during the last decade in addressing this dual challenge. It is based on a review of the interdisciplinary brownfields literature, and evidence from Toledo, Ohio, whose experience promoting cleanup and reuse reflects that of many Midwestern and Northeastern cities.     

棕地再开发国内外比较研究

在过去两百年里,工业化的快速高速发展既为人类创造了巨大的物质财富,也推动了全球城市化的快速发展。然而随着产业结构转型升级,很多城市面临的是大量的废弃工业用地如何重新利用的问题,这便是"棕地"问题。虽然"棕地"的概念至今尚无统一的标准,引入我国的时间也不长,没有引起相关研究者足够重视,但在我国"棕地"问题已经开始出现,必须引起我们的足够重视。本文通过探讨"棕地"的概念和分类,通过对发达国家治理对策的分析,从国内外棕地的研究历史出发,探讨后工业化阶段我国可以借鉴的经验并提出棕地开发的对策。     

嵊州领带的企业品牌再发展之路

先就浙江省嵊州市令人瞩目的领带产业的基本现状做一简要的梳理,接着归纳了近年来嵊州领带在原料供应、成品价格、产品类型、企业品牌四方面所表现出来的主要问题,然后对问题的内在联系作了分析,并提出根本对策是要从产业深度(品牌打造)出发去解决问题,最后有针对性地提出了促进其再发展的措施。     

论城市改造的谨慎更新理论与实践——以柏林为例

城市改造是城市研究与实践中一个极具争议性的论题。本文以德国首都柏林市的城市改造为例,梳理、分析了"谨慎更新"理念形成的脉络及其实践含义,着重考察了从大拆大建向谨慎更新转变过程中所蕴含的有关城市发展理念和政治经济格局等多重因素的相互作用,以期对我国的城市改造有所启示。     

Brownfield redevelopment in Toronto: an examination of past trends and future prospects

Although the development of greenfield sites in suburban peripheries is still the predominant trend in Canada, in the decade of the 1990s a growing inclination to redevelop under-utilized urban brownfield sites emerged. This study describes brownfield redevelopment patterns in the former “City of Toronto” during the 1990s and examines the key factors shaping them. The relevant data for the study were compiled from a City of Toronto land-use database, the appurtenant policy and planning studies, interviews with stakeholders, and case studies. Toronto's redevelopment experience has obvious implications for cities of similar socio-cultural and socio-economic character undergoing redevelopment planning and can thus be viewed as a “case-in-point” in brownfield redevelopment planning and policy.