简化一般均衡模型中一般均衡点的确定

经济学教材在讨论一般均衡的时候,往往以两个人、两种生产要素、两种产品这种最简单的社会作为研究对象,它们通常只阐述了一般均衡的存在,但都没有说明这种最简单的社会一般均衡点的确定即以此作为研究对象。     

How many voters are needed for paradoxes?

Summary. This paper presents a general procedure for finding profiles with the minimum number of voters required for many important paradoxes. Borda's and Condorcet's classic examples are revisited as well as generalizations. Using Saari's procedure line, we obtain an upper bound for the minimum number of voters needed for a profile for which the Condorcet winner is not strictly top ranked for all weighted positional procedures. Also we give a simple upper bound on the minimum number of voters needed for a set of prescribed voting outcomes. In contrast to situations wherein small numbers of voters are needed, we consider paradoxes requiring arbitrarily large numbers of voters as well as large numbers of alternatives. Finally we indicate connections with statistical rank based tests. Received: April 18, 2001; revised version: May 25, 2001     

解构——流行的建筑动词

解构主义是当今世界建筑发展的重要建筑思潮之一,文章对解构主义的思想来源,建筑手法和时代影响等进行了探讨。     

浅谈航线工作中的线路检查

不管航空技术发展再快,技术再先进,系统的线路故障是都是不能避免的。几乎每一个系统都有电气线路的连接,而线路的故障在飞机所有故障当中占了相当大的比例,除了直接导致系统失效,还可能出现跳火,燃烧等现象,对安全的影响很大。本篇文章主要讲解线路分布在飞机不同的区域,不同的位置,受到环境温度,湿度,其他系统部件机械运动的影响等,其故障具有隐蔽、复杂、多样的特点,又由于排故时需要认真去测量检查,用的时间也相对较长,成功率依然偏低,还往往容易出现误换件,造成维修成本增加。     

用图解法绘制圆球面与回转二次曲面的交线

圆球面与回转二次曲面的交线投影于其公共对称面上,可得一条抛物线。本文用解析法研究了该抛物线的基本参数,得到解基本参数的图解法,从而可精确地确定交线。     

洪江青山洞金矿深部钻探工艺探讨

液动锤在钻探施工中具有能提高硬岩钻进速度、减小孔斜和提高岩心采取率等优点,技术成熟,应用领域正在拓宽。文章结合工程实际,介绍了绳索取心液动锤钻探技术在洪江青山洞金矿区的使用情况,并对应用效果进行了分析探讨。     

Poverty Orderings

This paper reviews the literature of partial poverty orderings. Partial poverty orderings require unanimous poverty rankings for a class of poverty measures or a set of poverty lines. The need to consider multiple poverty measures and multiple poverty lines arises inevitably from the arbitrariness inherent in poverty comparisons. In the paper, we first survey the ordering conditions of various individual poverty measures for a range of poverty lines; for some measures necessary and sufficient conditions are identified while for others only some easily verifiable sufficient conditions are established. These ordering conditions are shown to have a close link with the stochastic dominance relations which are based on the comparisons of cumulative distribution functions. We then survey the ordering conditions for various classes of poverty measures with a single or a set of poverty lines; in all cases necessary and sufficient conditions are established. These conditions again rely on the stochastic dominance relations or their transformations. We also extend the relationship between poverty orderings and stochastic dominance to higher orders and explore the possibility and the conditions of increasing the power of poverty orderings beyond the second degree dominance condition.     

客运专线基床表层级配碎石施工技术要点

铁路路基工程施工控制的关键在于基床,基床施工控制的重点又在于基床表层施工,客运专线施工质量要求严格,本文重点讲述了基床表层施工的控制要点。     

Sustainable Transport,Market Segmentation and Tourism: The Looe Valley Branch Line Railway,Cornwall, UK

This paper uses cluster analysis, a form of a posteriori market segmentation, to understand the attitudes of tourists and the local community towards using the Looe Valley Branch Railway Line. The research revealed five segments of users distinguished by their attitudes towards using the train. Following this, the paper discusses the implications of the survey findings for attracting more people to use the Looe Valley Line. It sets its findings in the context of the sustainable tourism aims of reducing transport congestion and emissions, as well as recent work on assessing the scope for sustainable transport development in the leisure and tourism markets.     

我国最低工资的制度逻辑——一个政治经济学的解读框架

最低工资制度从诞生时起就备受争议.主流经济学家反对的主要理由是,最低工资是对劳动力市场的价格管制,会导致失业率上升,经济效率下降.尽管这一结论并未完全得到实证检验的支持,但是作为一个正在崛起的发展中大国,效率和就业自然是我们首要关注的.理论和现实说明,我国目前并不具备最低工资的实施环境,那么政府为什么还要推行最低工资制度呢?本文提供了一个政治经济学的解读框架.