国际贸易结算货币理论及其对我国的启示

随着多边贸易和国际货币多元化的不断发展，国际贸易结算货币的选择对降低汇率风险和交易成本，提高经济效益显得越来越重要。本文按三个发展阶段对国际贸易结算货币理论进行了述评，在此基础上探讨了目前我国对外贸易结算货币的选择及人民币作为国际贸易结算货币的可能性。认为，当前美元仍应是我国对外贸易首选结算货币，但我国应积极扩大人民币在边境贸易中的计价结算，并努力创造条件促使人民币在远洋贸易中计价结算，以降低国际贸易的汇率风险及促进人民币国际化的发展。

International Trade Settlement Currency Choice Theory and the Revelation to China

With the development of multilateral trade and currency diversification, international trade settlement currency choice becomes increasingly important in foreign exchange risk control, transaction cost reduction and increasing economic benefit. This paper reviews the three development phases of international trade settlement currency theory. On this basis, it discusses recent foreign trade settlement currency choice in our country and the possibility of RMB acting as international trade settlement currency. At present, US dollar is still considered as the first choice in international trade settlement currencies. However, our country could increase RMB settlement in international trade actively, and implement pricing and settlement in ocean trade by creating conditions so as to reduce foreign exchange risk and promote the development of RMB internationalization.