质性研究方法辨析与应用探讨——以经济管理研究为例

随着中国管理学研究的规范化与国际化,案例研究和扎根理论等质性研究方法越来越受到研究者的重视与青睐。但是,目前对质性研究的两大问题解释仍然不足：一是对质性研究的定义和方法缺乏全面梳理和分析,难以获得跨专业的视角与经验;二是对质性研究的内涵和特点缺乏系统比较和区分,难以辨别多种质性研究方法的优劣及适用情境。本文尝试辨析质性研究及案例研究、参与式观察、扎根理论、档案研究、追踪研究、实验研究、认知地图等七项主要研究方法,理清其理论脉络和方法溯源,对比其优势与劣势。从而有针对性地提出其适用情境与条件,发挥多种方法的融合优势,以便更多的研究者参考、选择和使用。

The Disscussion for Analysis,Contrast and Application of Qualitative Research Methods

Qualitative Research methods such as Case Study and Grounded Theory have become more and more popular along with the standardization and internationalization of Chinese management researches.Whereas,there are two questions which needed to explain and explore in the field. Firstly,it is hard to own the view and experience across subjects for different Qualitative Researches,and their definitions and methods are short of analysis comprehensively. Secondly,it is hard to distinguish the advantage,disadvantage and applicable situation for various Qualitative Research methods,and their meanings and characteristics are short of contrast systemically. The paper tries to analyze and contrast the main Qualitative Research methods such as Case Study,Participant Observation,Grounded Theory,Archives Study,Panel Study,Experimental Study and Cognitive Map,review their academic and methodological theories,and distinguish their advantage and disadvantage. At last,try to propose the applicable situation and conditions for different Qualitative Research methods pertinently especially using multi- methods mixedly so that be much easier to understand,choose and use.