全球代工体系下发展中国家俘获型网络的形成、突破与对策——基于GVC与NVC的比较视角

全球价值链(GVC)的分离与整合,形成发展中国家代工者与发达国家的跨国公司或国际大购买商四种现实对接关系集合。其中,俘获型网络治理关系成为发展中国家在现有国际贸易格局下不得不接受的既成事实,由此造成发展中国家的代工企业无法实现功能升级与链的升级的高端价值链攀升过程。俘获型网络的产生源自发达国家的跨国公司所具有的技术势力和国际大购买商所具有的市场势力,因此,发展中国家摆脱GVC背景下被俘获关系的出路在于基于国内市场空间的国内价值链(NVC)的培育。从NVC与GVC的比较视角出发,本文探讨了构建发展中国NVC的内在决定条件以及由NVC向GVC转变的可行路径,并据此提出中国代工企业如何在NVC条件下消除由俘获型网络向均衡型网络转化中的障碍因素,以及相应可实施的四种策略选择。

Forming,Breakthrough and Strategies of Captive Network in Developing Countries at Global Outsourcing System:Based on a Comparative Survey of GVC and NVC

Separation and integration of GVC form four trade-off relationships between outsourcees in developing countries and MNCs or big buyers as outsourcers in developed countries.Captive network relationship has to be accepted by developing countries in nowadays international trade pattern,which make outsourcees in developing countries not realized to the course of functional upgrading or inter-sectoral upgrading.Captive network comes from technology power of MNCs and market power of big buyers,so the way out of casting off captive network relationship is located at fostering NVC based on home market in developing countries.From on the view of a comparative survey of GVC and NVC,we analysis inner conditions to constructing NVC,probe into path from NVC to GVC and finally put forward the obstacles and four countermeasures to eliminating captive network in China.