国家货币主权的构成与限制问题——兼对美元持续贬值的国际法思考

一个国家货币主权的构成主要包含发行货币的权力、决定和改变币值的权力，调整一国货币或任何其他货币在其境内使用的权力。但各项权力都有例外和其它限制。美国滥发货币导致美元贬值，虽然在国际习惯法上属于货币发行权和定值权的范畴，美国不需要因此而承担国际法上的国家责任，但修改IMF协定或订立新的国际条约，有效地改变长期以来国际习惯法支持的货币发行国货币定值的主权权力，则可建立起对美元和其它国际货币发行国货币行为的必要约束，此举已刻不容缓。

Component and Limitation about Nation's Currency Sovereignty:With thinking from international law about continous depreciation in U.S.dollar

Growing attention is paid to currency sovereignty and its constraint due to economic globalizaion, the weakening U.S. dollar bearing the brunt. Currency sovereignty contains three exclusive rights. But each one is subject to exception and limitation. The over-issuance of dollar leads to depreciation, though according to international law, this is with the scope of currance issuance and valuation, exempting Amercia from liabilities therein, through amending IMF accord or making new international treaty, it can effectively alter sovereign right over determining valuta by issuing nation, which is secularly supported by common law internationally. It is urgent to establish necessary rules to oblige countries issuing international currency.