促进城乡义务教育均等化的国际经验及启示

当前我国义务教育处于非均衡发展状态,不同区域之间、城乡之间、群体之间仍旧存在义务教育的失衡,甚至同一地区的校际间也存在比较突出的差异。促进城乡义务教育的均等化不仅是教育发展规律的内在要求,也是落实人才强国战略的现实路径。从国际经验来看,日本、南非、美国和英国等国家根据区域和城乡义务教育发展差距,规定了具有区别性的标准体系,并以此为基础对落后地区实施倾斜性投入政策,促使城乡义务教育总体上趋于均等化发展态势。剖析这些国家的发展经验,对于我国形成惠及全民的公平教育、建设和谐社会具有十分重要的意义。

The International Experience and Inspiration in Promoting Equalization of Compulsory Education between Urban and Rural Areas

The development of China’s compulsory education is in a non-equilibrium state currently.There still exist some gaps on compulsory education between the different regions,between urban and rural,and between different groups.Even in the same area there are also more prominent interschool differences.To promote equalization of compulsory education between urban and rural areas is not only the inherent requirement of the education law,but also the reality path to implement the human resources strategy.From international experience,Japan,South Africa,the United States and the United Kingdom provide the differential standard systems to narrow gaps between urban and rural areas in compulsory education,which is the basis for the implementation of preferential investment policy in poverty areas.This approach tends to promote equalization between urban and rural areas in compulsory education.To analyze these experiences is of great significance for forming a fair education system benefiting all the people in China,and for building a harmonious society.