农村土地流转中土地租金差异化动因及影响研究

随着城镇化的发展,大量农民进城务工,农村土地流转是必然趋势。经过调查研究发现,在土地流转中,不同主体对土地租金的期望不同,进城务工农民对土地租金的期望不高,而留守劳动力对土地的租金要求较高,且期望的租金还要包括劳动力机会成本。留守劳动力对土地租金的博弈直接导致了土地规模化经营中土地租金的高涨,使土地规模经营收益出现倒挂,但政府的补贴又维持了这种不健康的租赁关系。农地租金的非理性增长影响了自耕农的壮大和发展,使农地规模化经营偏向公司化,农业公司对利润的博弈导致了套取政策补贴、农地非粮化等问题,土地规模化经营前景堪忧。建议构建进城农民土地退出机制、扶持培养自耕农、建立多种途径的农业经营合作模式、提高农民社保水平等措施,促进农地经营良性发展。

Study on Factors and Influences of Different Prices of Land Rent in Rural Land Circulation

With the development of urbanization ,a large number of rural farmers are leaving villages for cities and working there as migrant workers .The trend is that the arable land must be gradually abandoned by those migrant workers .The research result of rural land circulation shows that those migrant workers have low expectation for land rents ,in contrast ,those remained peasants are with so much expectation for rents including opportunities cost of labor that the land rent is rising in large‐scale land operation .As a result ,deficit happens in the program . However ,government support and subsidies sustain such unhealthy rent relationship .The rent is rising unreasonably ,which has already prevented the development and enlargement of owner‐peasant .And it makes the large‐scale land operation more corporatization .Many agriculture companies simply keep an eye on profit ,which leads to some problems ,for example ,defrauding government of subsidies ,non‐food of cultivated land .The future of large‐scale land operation is in the mist .It is suggested that government recalls those land ,which are abandoned by migrant workers ,could support owner‐peasant in the rural areas .To develop land management in a healthy way ,the government should set up different measures ,such as ,various channels of agricultural management cooperation ,and should improve the social security for the owner‐peasants .