中国政府间转移支付制度对改善收入分配效果探析

改革开放解放和发展了中国的生产力,使一部分人先富起来,但中国的贫富差距却被拉大了。作为一个社会主义国家,中央政府应该通过再分配的方式,让全体人民分享市场运作的成果,实现共同富裕这一目标。近年来出台的一系列社会政策显示,1998年后,中央政府既有政治意愿也有财政能力来调节收入再分配,然而,这些政策效果却不明显。本文以山西省1993-2005年县级财政数据为样本,通过分析中央政府转移支付结构和地方政府支出结构,得出中央政府通过对地方政府转移支付这一财政手段并不能有效缩小贫富差距这一结论。

Effect of China's Intergovernmental Transfer System on Income Distribution

The gap between the poor and the rich in China has been increased since reform and open-up policy.As a socialist country,the Central Government should take common prosperity as its goal via income re-distribution.The Central Government took measures to do so since 1998 with unsatisfactory effect.This paper concludes that transfer system among local governments cannot effectively decrease this gap based on an analysis on county level data of Shanxi Province through 1993-2005.