中国农村居民收入增长的二元机制及其实证研究

农村居民收入增长乏力已成为我国经济发展中的突出问题,而实践经验又对传统政策体系的有效性提出了质疑。为解释这一现象,文章提供了五个理论命题,并基于内部和外部二元机制的划分确立了农村居民收入决定的基本框架。实证研究表明:农业生产的特殊性限制了内部收入决定机制的有效性,并直接导致基于农业自身的内部政策体系的相对失灵;农村居民收入问题的最终解决必须依托于内部和外部解决机制的协调,即在改善农业生产成本—收益比的同时,重点推进农村剩余劳动力转移、扩大农村公共产品的供给和加大农业技术投入。

Positive Analysis on the Dual Mechanism of Countrymen's Income Increase in China

The slow growth of countrymen's income has become one of the prominent problems in Chinese economic development,and the effectiveness of the traditional policy system has been oppugned by the practical experiences.To explain this phenomenon,this paper provides five theoretical propositions,and establishes a basic frame for countrymen's income determination based on the partition between internal and external mechanism.The positive analysis reveals that particularity of agricultural production limits the effectiveness of the internal income determination mechanism,and this leads to the failure of the internal policy system that aims at agricultural growth directly.Our analysis also reveals that the ultimate settlement of the problem concerning countrymen's income must rely on cooperation between the internal and external solving mechanism,that is,when we improve the ratio of costs-earnings continuously,we must put the emphasis on the surplus labor transfer from rural to urban,the supply of public goods,and the increase of agricultural technical input.