渔业资源可持续利用的对策研究

渔业资源是自然资源的重要组成部分。70年代以来,世界上一些传统的渔业资源出现了衰退,渔业的可持续发展受到了严重的挑战。本文从可持续发展的角度出发,根据渔业资源的特性,分析了渔业资源衰退的原因和本质。指出资源的有限性与需求量增加的矛盾、资源的共享性、资源产权的虚置、资源的无偿使用以及资源的负外部性是渔业资源衰退的主要原因。为确保渔业资源的可持续利用,本文提出了确立自然资源具有价值的观念、对渔业资源实行资产化管理、实现共享资源的产权转化、建立渔业资源产业、积极开展国际或区域间的合作、建立渔业资源的核算体系等建设性的措施。

SUGGESTIONS ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF FISHERIES RESOURCES

Fisheries resources is an important part of natural resources. Since 1970, some traditional fisheries species in the worldhave collapsed so that the sustainable development of fisheries is faced with many serious problems. From the point of sustainabledevelopment and based on the characteristics of fisheries resources and its economics functions, the paper analyzed the main rea-sons of decline of fisheries resources, which are the contradiction between resources limit and demand increase, common share,weak property, free utilization and negative externalities. In order to sustainable utilize fisheries resources, the paper puts for-ward some constructive suggestions, such as establishing idea of worthy natural resources, realizing capitalized management andproperty transformation by taking measures, building up industry of fisheries resources, developing international or regional coop-eration and setting up accounting system of fisheries resources.